南京农业大学学报  2015, Vol. 38 Issue (5): 748-756   PDF    
http://dx.doi.org/10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2015.05.008
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文章信息

黄和喜, 王岩, 许玉超, 徐玮玮, 刘世拓, 侯喜林, 胡春梅. 2015.
HUANG Hexi, WANG Yan, XU Yuchao, XU Weiwei, LIU Shituo, HOU Xilin, HU Chunmei. 2015.
不结球白菜雄蕊瓣化相关AP3基因的克隆和表达分析
Clone and expression analysis of stamen patelody-associated AP3 genes from non-heading Chinese cabbage
南京农业大学学报, 38(5): 748-756
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 38(5): 748-756.
http://dx.doi.org/10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2015.05.008

文章历史

收稿日期:2015-01-30
不结球白菜雄蕊瓣化相关AP3基因的克隆和表达分析
黄和喜, 王岩, 许玉超, 徐玮玮, 刘世拓, 侯喜林, 胡春梅     
南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室/农业部华东地区园艺作物 生物学与种质创新重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210095
摘要[目的]APETALA3(AP3)转录因子是特异性作用于花瓣和雄蕊的MIKCc-型植物MADS转录因子.通过分离和检测不结球白菜雄蕊变异系的BcAP3基因,探究不结球白菜稳定雄性不育系的机制.[方法]利用同源克隆基因的方法,以不结球白菜突变系和保持系的早期花蕾总RNA为研究对象,克隆出2个AP3同源基因BcAP3-1BcAP3-2,然后利用生物信息学方法对这2个基因的核苷酸和蛋白氨基酸序列结构和组成进行信息学分析.采用半定量PCR技术,对不结球白菜中2个AP3家族基因在不同发育时期及不同组织部位的表达进行了研究.[结果]BcAP3-1基因的cDNA全长为698 bp,编码231个氨基酸,且在突变系和保持系中序列一致.BcAP3-2基因在突变系中克隆到的cDNA全长为698 bp,编码231个氨基酸;而在保持系中克隆到的cDNA全长为674 bp,编码223个氨基酸.生物信息学分析结果表明:BcAP3基因属于典型的MADS-box基因家族的Ⅱ类MIKCc-型基因,属于euAP3家系.不同花器官RT-PCR结果表明:BcAP3-1基因在2种材料的花瓣和雄蕊中均有表达,而BcAP3-2只在突变系的雄蕊中表达,在保持系雄蕊中无表达.花发育不同时期RT-PCR结果表明:在突变系中,BcAP3-2基因的表达量变化与雄蕊退化现象相一致.[结论]BcAP3-2基因可能与不结球白菜雄蕊瓣化性状密切相关.
关键词不结球白菜     雄蕊瓣化     AP3基因     基因表达    
Clone and expression analysis of stamen patelody-associated AP3 genes from non-heading Chinese cabbage
HUANG Hexi, WANG Yan, XU Yuchao, XU Weiwei, LIU Shituo, HOU Xilin, HU Chunmei     
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Abstract: [Objectives]The MIKCc-type MADS transcription factor genes such as APETALA3(AP3)famiy,play a special role in sepals and stamens development processes in plant species. To know the genetic mechanism of stable male sterility in non-heading Chinese cabbage(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis Makino),we separated and detected two BcAP3 genes. [Methods]The coding region cDNA of BcAP3-1 and BcAP3-2 gene was cloned from non-heading Chinese cabbage cultivar stamen mutant and its maintainer by homology-based cloning method. A series of bioinformatics software was used to speculate acid sequnence and its nucleotide sequences of BcAP3. RT-PCR was utilized for finding their expression in different flower organs and periods. [Results]Acid sequnence and nucleotide sequence of BcAP3-1 were consistent in the stamen mutant and its maintainer,and its full length CDS was 698 bp,which encoded 231 amino acids. The full length CDS of BcAP3-2 was the same as that of BcAP3-1 in the stamen mutant,but the full length CDS was 674 bp,which encoded 223 amino acids in the maintainer. Bioinformatics analysis showed that BcAP3 gene,which belonged to the class Ⅱ(MIKCc-type gene)of typical MADS-box gene family,belonged to euAP3 family. RT-PCR showed that,in defferent flower organs,BcAP3-1 was expressed in petal and stamen of two materials,and BcAP3-2 was expressed in stamen of the stamen mutant and unexpressed in stamen of the maintainer. In defferent periods of flower development,the change of BcAP3-2 expression was consistent with the stamen degradation in the stamen mutant. [Conclusions]The BcAP3-2 gene may be closely related with the phenotype of stamen petalody.
Keywords: non-heading Chinese cabbage     stamen petalody     AP3 gene     gene expression    

不结球白菜(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis Makino)是一种有明显杂种优势的异花授粉作物,原产中国[1]。雄性不育系是不结球白菜优势育种利用的重要材料[2]。细胞质雄性不育(CMS)或细胞核雄性不育(GMS)会导致雄蕊退化,进而造成不能产生花粉或不产生有活性花粉,但其雄性器官仍然残存[3, 4, 5, 6, 7]。而雄蕊变异会导致花器结构发生质的变化,引起的不育性状更稳定、彻底[8]

花器官发育遗传调控一直是研究的热点。在花的特定区域,器官建成基因受到上游花器官确定性基因的激活,进而特异性地诱导细胞和组织发育成花的萼片、花瓣、雄蕊和雌蕊4种花器官[9]。花形态的突变包括3种类型[10]:花原基突变、花朵对称性突变和器官身份突变。在拟南芥和金鱼草中,4种花器官的形成均由MADS-box基因家族成员控制[11, 12]。B类在该基因家族中研究最为广泛[13, 14, 15],包含3个AP3类家系和1个PI家系,该类基因会导致双子叶植物花中花瓣和雄蕊的特异性改变,AP3基因的突变会引起雄蕊向心皮发生同源异型转变[16]。进化遗传分析表明,在被子植物出现后,首先出现的AP3类基因是paleoAP3 家系,然后经过基因重复事件,演化出TM6和euAP3家系[13],这2个家系可能会亚功能化或非功能化[17, 18]。基因和蛋白功能分析显示,paleoAP3家系和TM6家系基因总是参与雄蕊的调控发育,而euAP3家系基因则主要参与花瓣和雄蕊的形成过程[19, 20]

前人已经克隆出大量的AP3基因[21, 22, 23],并研究了其在不同花器官上的表达,但大多是研究AP3基因与雄蕊心皮化性状间的关系,例如,Zhang等[23]的研究结果表明:在芜菁中B.AP3.aB.AP3.b的突变会导致雄蕊心皮化,在甘蓝型油菜中2个B.AP3.a和2个B.AP3.b功能的缺失与雄蕊心皮化相关。在不结球白菜上有关AP3基因的研究鲜有报道,特别是AP3基因与雄蕊瓣化性状间的关系。本研究利用大白菜BrAP3(Bra007067Bra014822)(BRAD;http://brass-icadb.org/brad/)同源基因设计引物,从不结球白菜雄蕊瓣化系和正常系早期花蕾中分别得到了与花器官发育相关的2个基因完整编码区的cDNA全长,并利用生物信息学方法对其序列进行了分析,同时采用半定量PCR(semi-quantitative RT-PCR),探讨突变系和保持系材料中2个BcAP3在不同花器官和不同发育时期的表达情况,以此推测BcAP3基因的功能,为研究不结球白菜雄蕊变异的分子调控机制提供重要信息。

1 材料与方法 1.1 材料

以南京农业大学白菜组提供的不结球白菜突变系(雄蕊瓣化系)及保持系(正常系)的花器官为材料。不结球白菜种子用1 g·L-1的HgCl2消毒10 min,蒸馏水冲洗干净后于28 ℃暗处催芽72 h,移至穴盘。待幼苗长至2叶1心时移至大棚温室,并于成熟期(十叶期)时移至光照培养箱。培养条件:光照/黑暗时间为16 h/8 h,10~15 ℃春化处理2周。之后移至大棚,30 d后取初花期花蕾,-80 ℃保存备用。同时取不同发育时期的花蕾(花蕾直径小于0.5 mm,0.5~1 mm,1~2 mm,大于2 mm)和盛花期的萼片、雄蕊、花瓣和雌蕊,-80 ℃保存备用。

1.2 方法 1.2.1 不结球白菜AP3基因的克隆与测序

采用RNA提取试剂盒(TaKaRa RNAiso Reagent,TaKaRa公司)提取花蕾的总RNA。取不结球白菜早期花蕾总RNA 2 μg,使用Prime Script RT reagent Kit(TaKaRa)进行cDNA的合成。扩增PCR总体系20 μL,包括MgCl2(25 mmol·L-1)2 μL,dNTP(2.5 mmol·L-1)2 μL,10×PCR Buffer 2 μL,rTaq酶0.2 μL,引物BcAP3-1-F、BcAP3-2-F、BcAP3-1-R和BcAP3-2 -R(表 1)各1 μL,cDNA模板1 μL。反应程序为:95 ℃ 4 min;95 ℃ 30 s,57 ℃ 30 s,72 ℃ 2 min,35个循环;72 ℃ 10 min。PCR产物采用DNA凝胶回收试剂盒(TaKaRa)回收,将回收的目的片段连接pMD19-T easy载体(TaKaRa),转化大肠杆菌,挑取阳性克隆,送南京金斯瑞生物技术有限公司进行测序。

表 1 本试验中用到的引物序列 Table 1 Primers used for PCR amplification
引物名称Primer name引物对序列Primer pairs sequence(5′→3′)
BcAP3-1-F/RATGGCGAGAGGGAAGATCC/TTCGAGAAGGTGGAAGGTAA
BcAP3-2-F/RATGGCGAGAGGGAAGATC/TTCAAGAAGGTGGAAGGTAATG
BcAP3-1-RT-F/RATGGAGGCGACTACGATT/GATGTCAGAGGCAGATGG
BcAP3-2-RT-F/RCAAGAAGGTGGAAGGTAA/GTAGACAATGGAGGAGACT
actin-F/RGGAGCTGAGAGATTCCGTTG/GAACCACCACTGAGGACGAT
1.2.2 BcAP3 基因及蛋白的生物信息学分析

核苷酸序列及推测的氨基酸序列用Cluster 1.8进行序列比对,用DNAMAN 6.0进行下一步的结果显示。利用NCBI-Conserved Domain Search进行蛋白保守域预测。利用在线软件SOPMA和Swiss-model分别预测蛋白的二级结构和三级结构。使用Gene Structure Display Server 2.0在线软件分析基因结构。使用MEGA 5.20软件,采用Neighbor-joining方法,自展值设定为1 000,进行物种间进化分析。

1.2.3 BcAP3基因在不结球白菜中的表达分析

使用RNA提取试剂盒(TaKaRa)提取各器官材料总RNA,取1 μg RNA反转录(gDNA Eraser,TaKaRa)成cDNA,根据BcAP3基因编码区序列,利用Beacon Designer v 7.9软件进行RT-PCR引物设计,actin基因作为内参。总体系20 μL,包括MgCl2(25 mmol·L-1)2 μL,dNTP(2.5 mmol·L-1)2 μL,10×PCR Buffer 2 μL,rTaq酶0.2 μL,引物BcAP3-1 -RT-F、BcAP3-2 -RT-F、 BcAP3-1-RT-R和BcAP3-2-RT-R(表 1)各1 μL,cDNA模板1 μL。反应程序为:95 ℃ 4 min;95 ℃ 30 s,58 ℃ 30 s,72 ℃ 1 min,25个循环;72 ℃ 10 min。每个反应设3次重复。

2 结果与分析 2.1 不结球白菜突变系和保持系花的表型观察

图 1可见:保持系是雄蕊正常的品系(图 1-AC),能产生正常的花粉,用于突变系留种;而突变系 的雄蕊表现为瓣状雄蕊(图 1-BD),似花瓣,不含花粉,但花柱正常,可接受花粉,属于“器官身份突变”类型。

图 1 保持系和突变系的花和花器官比较Fig. 1 Flowers and organs of maintainer and mutant A,C:保持系Maintainer;B,D:突变系Mutant
2.2 不结球白菜突变系和保持系BcAP3基因的克隆

分别以花保持系和突变系的早期花蕾的cDNA为模板,克隆得到4条片段,分别命名为保持系BcAP3-1BcAP3-2和突变系BcAP3-1BcAP3-2,长度分别为698、698、698和674 bp(图 2)。保持系和突变系中BcAP3-1片段大小一致,而与保持系BcAP3-2相比,突变系中BcAP3-2缺失了24 bp。

图 2 不结球白菜BcAP3-1BcAP3-2 cDNA编码区域的 RT-PCR扩增结果Fig. 2 The coding region of BcAP3-1 and BcAP3-2 genes in non-heading Chinese cabbage amplified by RT-PCR M:DNA marker DL2000;1,3:保持系BcAP3-1BcAP3-2;2,4:突变系BcAP3-1BcAP3-2
1,3:Maintainer BcAP3-1,BcAP3-2;2,4:Mutant BcAP3-1,BcAP3-2

ORF和氨基酸序列比对结果表明:突变系和保持系BcAP3-1的ORF核苷酸序列长度为698 bp,氨基酸序列长度是231个残基;突变系和保持系BcAP3-2的ORF核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列同源性很高,一致性分别为91.99%和94.83%,单碱基置换为33处,其中相应的氨基酸残基改变处为3处,另外缺失24 bp的地方有1处(图 3图 4)。BcAP3-1BcAP3-2基因构成相似,全长均由7个外显子和6个内含子组成(图 5),这与黄方等[9]的报道相一致,这类基因属于植物Ⅱ型MADS-box基因(又称MIKC型)。

图 3 BcAP3-1(A)和BcAP3-2(B)基因核苷酸序列比对结果Fig. 3 Alignment results of BcAP3-1(A)and BcAP3-2(B)gene between two lines
图 4 BcAP3-1(A)和BcAP3-2(B)蛋白氨基酸序列比对结果Fig. 4 Alignment results of BcAP3-1(A)and BcAP3-2(B)protein between two lines
图 5 BcAP3-1BcAP3-2基因的内含子-外显子结构分析Fig. 5 Exon-intron structures for BcAP3-1 and BcAP3-2 gene
2.3 BcAP3蛋白的二级结构和三级结构的预测

用NCBI软件分析BcAP3-1和BcAP3-2蛋白二级结构中保守的结构域,结果显示2种蛋白保守域一致,都含有1个MADS-box结构域和1个K-box结构域,符合MADS-box家族典型的结构域特征(图 6)。用SOPMA在线软件对不结球白菜BcAP3蛋白的二级结构进行预测,BcAP3-1和BcAP3-2蛋白均具丰富的二级平面结构,其中,2个蛋白分别含46.55%、51.34%的α-螺旋,8.19%、8.93%的β-折叠,21.12%、18.75%的延伸主链,24.14%、20.98%的无规则卷曲。α-螺旋和β-折叠是该蛋白多肽链上的主要元件,延伸主链和无规则卷曲分散分布在整条多肽链中(图 7)。

图 6 BcAP3蛋白保守域模式图Fig. 6 Conserved domain schematic diagram of BcAP3 protein
图 7 BcAP3蛋白二级结构分析Fig. 7 Secondary structure and disorder prediction of BcAP3 β-折叠用绿色表示,α-螺旋用蓝色表示,延伸主链和无规则卷曲分别用红色和黄色表示。
The green is β-sheet,blue indicates α-helix,the red and yellow represent extended strand and random coil,respectively.
图 8 BcAP3-1(A)和BcAP3-2(B)蛋白空间结构示意图Fig. 8 3D-superimposition of the BcAP3-1(A)and BcAP3-2(B)proteins β-折叠用箭头表示,α-螺旋用螺旋表示。The arrow is β-sheet,coils indicate α-helix.
2.4 BcAP3蛋白氨基酸同源性比较与系统进化树分析

将不结球白菜的2个AP3蛋白所编码的氨基酸序列和其他已经报道的AP3比对,结果显示,BcAP3 基因属于MADS-box基因家族的Ⅱ类MIKCc-型基因,包含4个不同的区域:1个含DNA结合位点的MADS domain(M)、含亲水残基的I domain(I)、1个含卷曲螺旋结构的Keratine-like domain(K)以及1个富含疏水残基C-terminal domain(C)。BcAP3蛋白在K domain均含有高度保守的(H/Q)YERM保守域。另外,BcAP3-1 和BcAP3-2蛋白的C-terminal domain中都含有PI-motif-derived来源区域和euAP3 motif区域[13]。保持系BcAP3-2、 BcAP3-1和突变系BcAP3-1、BcAP3-2主要在C-terminal domain不同,与已报道的结果[24]一致,且序列相似性为94.83%(图 9)。

图 9 BcAP3和其他物种的代表性AP3蛋白的氨基酸序列一致性比较Fig. 9 Protein alignment of predicted the amino acid sequences of BcAP3 and representatives AP3 from different plants 相同的氨基酸残基用黑色背景表示,灰色背景表明氨基酸残基的一致性超过50%,红色框代表不同的基序。
The identical amino acid residues are indicated with black background,while amino acid grey shade indicate more than 50% identity,red boxes indicate different motifs.

进化树分析结果表明:BcAP3-1和BcAP3-2属于euAP3家系,而不属于paleoAP3家系[13]。保持系BcAP3-2和甘蓝型油菜对应蛋白最先聚成一类,序列相似性为94%,与其他物种相应蛋白的亲缘关系较远;而突变系BcAP3-1、BcAP3-2及保持系BcAP3-2与甘蓝贻贝有最相近的进化关系,序列相似度为93%(图 10)。

图 10 24个代表性AP3蛋白的进化树Fig. 10 Phylogenetic tree of 24 representative AP3 among diverse species 分支上的数字表示Bootstrap验证中基于1 000次重复该节点可信度的百分比。
The numbers for each interior branch indicate the reliability percent of bootstrap values based on 1 000 replications.
2.5 euAP3家系蛋白的氨基酸序列成分及理化性质分析

表 2所示:各物种AP3氨基酸残基数为223~232,蛋白相对分子质量为26 246~27 426,等电点为7.24~8.91,酸性氨基酸含量为14.2%~14.8%,碱性氨基酸残基含量为20.1%~21.1%,蛋白质的不稳定系数均大于40[25],由此可推测:euAP3家系蛋白可能属于不稳定蛋白。

表 2 euAP3家系转录因子的蛋白质氨基酸序列成分及理化性质 Table 2 Protein composition and physicochemical property of euAP3 lineages
植物
Species
蛋白质
Protein
氨基酸
残基数
Number of
amino acids
相对分子质量
Relative
molecular
mass
理论
等电点
Theoretical
pI
碱性氨基酸
所占比例/%
Rate of asic
amino acid
酸性氨基酸
所占比例/%
Rate of acidic
amino acid
不稳定
系数
Instability
index
登录号
GenBank
accession
No.
甘蓝型油菜
B.napus
BnAP3-222426 4577.8521.014.745.69AAP93898.1
青花菜
B.oleracea var.italica
Boi2AP322426 4277.2420.514.742.86AAB08879.1
甘蓝贻贝
B.oleracea var.viridis
BovAP3.b22426 5157.8521.014.745.90AGS42080.1
甘蓝型油菜
B.napus
BnAP322426 3788.4321.014.344.28AAF28894.1
保持系
Maintainer
BcAP3-222426 3788.4321.014.244.28
芥菜B.junceaBjAP322426 2468.4320.114.344.08AAY63866.1
甘蓝贻贝
B.oleracea var.viridis
BovAP3a23227 2738.7120.714.247.48AGS42079.2
保持系
Maintainer
BcAP3-123227 2828.7121.114.247.81
突变系
Mutant
BcAP3-223227 2828.7121.114.247.81
突变系
Mutant
BcAP3-123227 2828.7121.114.247.81
大白菜
B.rapa
BrAP323227 2828.7121.114.247.81XP_009116122.1
拟南芥
A.thaliana
AtAP323227 4268.9120.614.245.48BAA04665.1
玉山筷子芥
A.lyrata subsp.lyrate
AllAP323227 2668.7220.714.243.17XP_002877970.1
亚麻荠
C.sativa
CsAP323227 3858.7021.114.247.03XP_010515958.1
荠菜C.bursa-pastorisCbAP322326 3437.3720.614.847.81ACD76820.1
2.6 BcAP3基因在2种材料的不同花器官中的表达情况

组织特异性RT-PCR分析(图 11)显示:BcAP3-1基因在保持系和突变系中的表达模式基本一致,但在花瓣中突变系的表达量明显高于保持系,在保持系的萼片中高表达,在突变系萼片中没有检测到。与BcAP3-1相比,BcAP3-2基因在保持系的花瓣和柱头中表达,而在突变系的花瓣和雄蕊中表达。

图 11 不结球白菜BcAP3基因在不同花器官中的表达Fig. 11 Expression of BcAP3 gene in different floral tissues of non-heading Chinese cabbage
2.7 BcAP3基因在突变系和保持系中不同花发育时期的表达情况

图 12可以看出:BcAP3-2基因在保持系和突变系的花发育过程中表达模式相似,前中期表达量随花蕾发育逐渐增加,后期(1 mm<花蕾直径<2 mm)达到最大,之后逐渐下降。而BcAP3-1基因在2种材料中表达存在差异,在保持系中,从前期(小于0.5 mm)到中期(0.5 mm<花蕾直径<1 mm)表达量逐渐增加,然后下降,到末期(大于2 mm)又缓慢增加;而在突变系中,从前期到中期表达量逐渐增加,之后基本不变。

图 12 不结球白菜BcAP3基因在花发育不同时期表达Fig. 12 Expression of BcAP3 gene in different flower development of non-heading Chinese cabbage 1~4分别代表花蕾直径小于0.5 mm、0.5~1 mm、1~2 mm、大于2 mm。
1-4 indicate flower bud size of below 0.5 mm,0.5-1 mm,1-2 mm,above 2 mm.
3 讨论

MADS-box基因家族成员作为转录因子在被子植物花发育调控中起着关键作用。AP3转录因子作为MADS-box基因家族的亚家族,属于花发育相关的B类基因,会引起花器官中的花瓣和雄蕊发生特异性改变。雄性不育系作为一种常规育种材料,对获得优质品种显得十分重要。本试验选取的突变系雄蕊发育不正常,表现为雄蕊瓣化,属于器官身份突变类型;保持系具有正常的花器官,可用于突变系繁种。

本试验在突变系和保持系中分别克隆到2个BcAP3片段,属于AP3亚家族中euAP3家系。测序结果显示,突变系中的BcAP3-2序列比保持系中BcAP3-2少24 bp,氨基酸存在3个残基的差异。氨基酸同源性比较和进化树分析结果表明,BcAP3属于euAP3家系,BcAP3基因编码的氨基酸具有典型的MADS-box家族中Ⅱ类MIKCc-型基因结构域:M区、I区、K区和C区,BcAP3基因结构由7个外显子和6个内含子组成也可以证明这一点;BcAP3蛋白与甘蓝型油菜和甘蓝贻贝具有最相近的进化关系。对BcAP3蛋白进行二级及三级结构的预测表明:BcAP3包含一个由大约56个氨基酸组成的高度保守DNA结合域和一个由70个左右氨基酸构成的中度保守螺旋卷曲,这些特征序列严格符合AP3转录因子三级结构。综上所述,BcAP3 属于MADS-box基因家族。

研究表明,在金鱼草[26]和拟南芥[27]中编码MADS-box转录因子的DEF和AP3对于花瓣和雄蕊的形成是必要的。在本研究中,BcAP3-1在突变系和保持系的雄蕊中表达量基本一致,但在花瓣中存在表达差异;BcAP3-2在突变系的花瓣和雄蕊中表达,但在保持系的雄蕊中无表达。这说明BcAP3-1是典型的euAP3家系基因,而BcAP3-2是一种新型的euAP3家系基因,由于它在保持系中保留了对花瓣的调控,从而失去了对雄蕊形成的控制。从花发育不同时期中BcAP3 mRNA表达量情况来看,在突变系中,BcAP3-2在后期(1 mm<花蕾直径<2 mm)达到最大,与冀瑞琴等[28]发现白菜雄性不育从花蕾直径为1.5 mm开始,然后当花蕾发育到1.75 mm后,雄蕊逐渐出现明显退化现象一致。以上结果说明:BcAP3-2基因可能对不结球白菜雄蕊的变异有重要影响。为进一步了解BcAP3-2基因的功能,下一步准备沉默突变系中的BcAP3-2基因,观察雄蕊是否可以恢复正常,以便了解BcAP3-2在雄蕊瓣化中的具体作用。

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