中国医科大学学报  2026, Vol. 55 Issue (3): 251-258

文章信息

卢利霞, 杨丹丹
LU Lixia, YANG Dandan
慢性子宫内膜炎患者血清MCP-1水平及其与子宫内膜息肉、炎症反应的相关性
Serum MCP-1 level and its correlation with endometrial polyps and inflammatory response in patients with chronic endometritis
中国医科大学学报, 2026, 55(3): 251-258
Journal of China Medical University, 2026, 55(3): 251-258

文章历史

收稿日期:2025-04-03
网络出版时间:2026-03-24 13:04:09
慢性子宫内膜炎患者血清MCP-1水平及其与子宫内膜息肉、炎症反应的相关性
卢利霞 , 杨丹丹     
河北省中医院妇科, 石家庄 050000
摘要目的 探讨慢性子宫内膜炎(CE)患者血清单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)水平及其与子宫内膜息肉(EP)、炎症反应的相关性。方法 选择2021年6月至2024年6月间我院妇科收治的157例CE患者为研究对象,观察不同临床特征的CE患者MCP-1水平差异,分层回归分析临床特征与MCP-1水平的关系。根据宫腔镜病理结果分为EP组和非EP组,比较2组患者的一般资料、血清性激素和炎症指标,通过多元线性回归分析MCP-1水平与血清性激素和炎症指标的关系,采用logistic回归分析影响因素,应用非条件logistic回归和限制性立方样条模型(RCS)分析MCP-1水平与CE合并EP的关联及剂量-反应关系,并用广义多因子降维模型(GMDR)分析MCP-1与炎症指标在CE合并EP中的交互作用。结果 CE患者中,流产次数、白带异常、异常子宫出血、骨盆疼痛和异位妊娠与MCP-1水平显著相关(P < 0.05)。EP组患者的卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2)、黄体生成素(LH)和白细胞介素(IL)-6、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、IL-1β、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平显著高于非EP组(P < 0.05)。MCP-1、E2、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6是CE合并EP的独立危险因素(P < 0.05)。MCP-1与EP风险呈非线性关系,当MCP-1>30.30 ng/mL时风险显著增加(非线性检验P < 0.001)。最佳交互模型为MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6高表达的协同作用(P < 0.05)。结论 在CE患者中,MCP-1水平与EP的发生密切相关,并受到性激素E2及炎症指标的正向调控。此外,MCP-1与炎症指标在CE合并EP中存在显著的交互作用,MCP-1可能在CE合并EP的发生和发展中发挥关键作用。
Serum MCP-1 level and its correlation with endometrial polyps and inflammatory response in patients with chronic endometritis
LU Lixia , YANG Dandan     
Department of Gynecology, Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
Abstract: Objective To investigate the correlation between monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels and endometrial polyps (EP) as well as inflammatory responses in patients with chronic endometritis (CE). Methods A total of 157 patients with CE admitted to the Department of Gynecology of our hospital between June 2021 and June 2024 were selected as study participants. The differences in MCP-1 level among patients with CE with different clinical characteristics were observed, and stratified regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between different clinical characteristics and MCP-1 level. Based on hysteroscopic pathological results, the patients were divided into the EP group and the non-EP group. The general data, serum sex hormones, and inflammatory markers of the two groups were compared. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between MCP-1 levels and serum sex hormones and inflammatory markers. Logistic regression analysis was used for influencing factor analysis. Unconditional logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to analyze the association and dose-response relationship between MCP-1 levels in patients with CE and EP. A generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) model was used to analyze the interaction between MCP-1 and inflammatory markers in patients with CE and EP. Results In patients with CE, the number of abortions, abnormal leukorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancy were significantly correlated with MCP-1 levels (P < 0.05). The levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the EP group were significantly higher than those in the non-EP group. MCP-1, estradiol (E2), TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were independent risk factors for CE complicated by EP (P < 0.05). There was a nonlinear relationship between MCP-1 and EP risk, which increased significantly when MCP-1 was >30.30 ng/mL (nonlinear test, P < 0.001). The best interaction model was the synergistic effect of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 overexpression (P < 0.05). Conclusion In patients with CE, MCP-1 levels are closely associated with EP occurrence and are positively regulated by the sex hormone E2 and inflammatory indicators. Additionally, significant interactions between MCP-1 and inflammatory indicators exist in CE combined with EP, suggesting that MCP-1 may play a key role in the occurrence and development of CE combined with EP.

慢性子宫内膜炎(chronic endometritis,CE)作为子宫内膜容受性损伤的重要诱因,其病理核心在于浆细胞异常浸润导致的持续性黏膜炎症[1-2]。这种微环境改变通过干扰胚胎着床,显著增加不良妊娠结局风险。CE在不孕症群体中的检出率为2.8%~56.8%,反复种植失败女性中为14%~67.5%,复发性妊娠丢失女性中为9.3%~67.6%[3]。然而,CE通常无症状,或偶见轻微非特异性症状,如异常子宫出血、白带异常、骨盆疼痛、性交疼痛等,临床医生对CE难以识别及干预[4]。子宫内膜息肉(endometrial polyp,EP)是由腺体、间质和血管组成的异常增生物,其发生可能与炎症、激素紊乱、免疫失衡等因素有关[5]。研究[6]表明,慢性炎症是全身多种黏膜组织息肉发生的致病因素,提示CE可能通过持续性的炎性刺激导致EP的形成。单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1)是重要的炎性刺激因子之一,由炎症相关细胞和特定组织或器官的上皮细胞产生并释放,吸引免疫细胞定向迁移至炎症部位,从而放大局部炎症反应[7]。既往研究[8-10]发现MCP-1与慢性炎症密切相关,然而,MCP-1与CE和EP的关系鲜有报道。基于此,本研究旨在探讨MCP-1在CE合并EP患者血清中的水平及其与炎症反应的关系,以期为临床提供参考。

1 材料与方法 1.1 研究对象

选取2021年6月至2024年6月我院妇科收治的CE患者157例作为研究对象,年龄25~80岁,平均(46.38±9.13)岁。根据是否存在EP分为EP组(n = 75)和非EP组(n = 82)。纳入标准:(1)子宫内膜活检确诊为CE;(2)EP组患者在宫腔镜息肉切除术后病理确诊为EP;(3)临床资料完整。排除标准:(1)合并其他器质性病变;(2)合并恶性肿瘤;(3)存在子宫或生殖道畸形;(4)存在其他宫腔病变。本研究经我院伦理委员会批准(HBZY2022-KY-040-01)。

1.2 基线资料收集

收集患者基线资料,包括年龄、体重指数、糖尿病、高血压、口服避孕药史、吸烟史、饮酒史、CE病程及严重程度、月经周期规律性、是否绝经、孕产次数、流产次数;盆腔疼痛、子宫异常出血、白带异常等。

1.3 实验室指标检测

采集患者清晨空腹血5 mL,2 000 r/min离心10 min,分离血清,置于-70 ℃冰箱保存待检。应用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)测定MCP-1、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平,ELISA试剂盒均购自上海酶联生物技术有限公司。同时采集患者清晨空腹血4 mL,应用化学发光免疫分析法(AU5800全自动生化仪,美国贝克曼公司)检测患者血清卵泡刺激素(follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)、雌二醇(estradiol,E2)、黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)水平。

1.4 统计学分析

采用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析,计量资料以x±s表示,2组比较采用t检验;计数资料以率(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。构建分层回归模型分析临床指标与MCP-1的关系,通过多元线性回归分析并构建校正模型,分析MCP-1水平与血清性激素及炎症指标的关系;应用非条件logistic回归、RCS分析MCP-1水平与EP的关联及剂量-反应关系;采用广义多因子降维法(generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction,GMDR)模型分析炎症指标对EP的交互作用。P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。

2 结果 2.1 MCP-1水平与CE患者临床特征的相关性

不同临床特征(包括流产次数、白带异常、异常子宫出血、骨盆疼痛以及是否合并EP)患者的MCP-1水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),见表 1

表 1 MCP-1水平与临床特征的关系 Tab.1 Relationship between MCP-1 levels and clinical features
Item n MCP-1(ng/mL) t P
Age 1.741 0.242
   < 35 years 68 34.50±6.24
  ≥35 years 89 35.61±5.57
Body mass index 0.663 0.508
   < 22 kg/m2 63 35.05±6.06
  ≥22 kg/m2 94 35.64±5.03
Number of miscarriages 2.026 0.045
   < 2 140 34.61±5.56
  ≥2 17 37.54±6.22
Number of births 0.717 0.475
   < 2 142 35.16±5.66
  ≥2 15 36.27±6.15
Pregnancy times 1.462 0.146
   < 2 122 34.98±6.27
  ≥2 35 36.67±5.08
CE course 1.406 0.162
   < 3 years 85 34.76±6.19
  ≥3 years 72 36.21±6.72
Leucorrhea anomaly 2.101 0.037
  Yes 60 37.53±7.06
  No 97 35.51±4.97
Menstrual regularity 1.867 0.064
  Yes 108 34.06±6.65
  No 49 36.12±5.82
Menopause 1.788 0.076
  Yes 72 34.18±5.71
  No 85 35.92±6.37
Abnormal uterine bleeding 4.794 < 0.001
  Yes 43 39.40±5.41
  No 114 34.48±5.85
Pelvic pain 3.835 < 0.001
  Yes 95 38.24±7.22
  No 62 33.97±6.15
EP 4.220 < 0.001
  Yes 75 38.31±6.10
  No 82 34.25±5.95

2.2 不同临床特征与MCP-1水平的分层回归分析

逐层加入变量,结果显示,异常子宫出血、流产次数、盆腔疼痛、白带异常和EP均是MCP-1水平升高的独立影响因素,其中EP和盆腔疼痛的效应量尤为突出,见表 2

表 2 MCP-1水平与CE患者临床特征的相关性 Tab.2 Correlation between MCP-1 levels and clinical characteristics of patients with CE
Model Non-standardized coefficient β t P
β SE
Stratification 1
  Constant 7.329 0.375 - 19.543 < 0.001
  Abnormal uterine bleeding 0.687 0.290 0.156 2.369 0.020
Stratification 2
  Constant 8.146 0.429 - 18.975 < 0.001
  Abnormal uterine bleeding 0.588 0.217 0.062 2.715 0.008
  Number of miscarriages 0.752 0.364 0.093 2.066 0.041
Stratification 3
  Constant 9.759 0.551 - 17.700 < 0.001
  Abnormal uterine bleeding 0.638 0.207 0.061 3.073 0.003
  Number of miscarriages 0.597 0.261 0.097 2.283 0.025
  Pelvic pain 0.861 0.362 0.130 2.376 0.019
Stratification 4
  Constant 9.448 0.583 - 16.217 < 0.001
  Abnormal uterine bleeding 0.758 0.229 0.030 3.303 0.001
  Number of miscarriages 0.959 0.399 0.095 2.403 0.018
  Pelvic pain 0.885 0.280 0.073 3.158 0.002
  Leucorrhea anomaly 0.836 0.407 0.198 2.053 0.043
Stratification 5
  Constant 8.807 0.792 - 11.124 < 0.001
  Abnormal uterine bleeding 0.963 0.201 0.183 4.780 < 0.001
  Number of miscarriages 0.633 0.253 0.238 2.507 0.015
  Pelvic pain 0.948 0.201 0.177 4.723 < 0.001
  Leucorrhea anomaly 0.605 0.275 0.252 2.202 0.032
  EP 0.830 0.167 0.132 4.968 < 0.001

2.3 2组患者一般资料比较

2组患者的体重指数、初潮时间等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05),年龄、月经规律、绝经、异常子宫出血、骨盆疼痛、CE病程、流产次数比较,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。见表 3

表 3 2组临床资料比较 Tab.3 Comparison of clinical data between the two groups
Item EP group(n = 75) Non-EP group(n = 82) χ2/t P
Age(year) 48.05±9.58 43.59±8.27 3.130 0.002
BMI(kg/m2 23.19±4.77 22.49±5.14 0.882 0.379
Time of menarche(year) 13.94±2.03 14.13±1.96 0.596 0.552
Menstrual cycle(d) 28.61±2.67 29.07±2.33 1.152 0.251
Endometrial thickness [n(%)] 1.331 0.514
  4-9 mm 56(74.67) 66(80.49)
   > 9-14 mm 11(14.67) 10(12.20)
   > 14 mm 8(10.66) 6(7.31)
Hypertension [n(%)] 3.495 0.062
  Yes 20(26.67) 12(14.63)
  No 55(73.33) 70(85.37)
Diabetes [n(%)] 2.373 0.123
  Yes 10(13.33) 5(6.10)
  No 65(86.67) 77(93.90)
Smoking history [n(%)] 1.366 0.242
  Yes 6(8.00) 3(3.66)
  No 69(92.00) 79(96.34)
Drinking history [n(%)] 0.043 0.836
  Yes 11(14.67) 13(15.85)
  No 64(85.33) 69(84.15)
Oral contraceptive [n(%)] 1.352 0.245
  Yes 3(4.00) 7(8.54)
  No 72(96.00) 75(91.46)
Menstrual regularity [n(%)] 5.168 0.023
  Yes 45(60.00) 63(76.83)
  No 30(40.00) 19(23.17)
Menopause [n(%)] 5.947 0.015
  Yes 42(56.00) 30(36.59)
  No 33(44.00) 52(63.41)
Abnormal uterine bleeding [n(%)] 14.041 < 0.001
  Yes 31(41.33) 12(14.63)
  No 44(58.67) 70(85.37)
Pelvic pain [n(%)] 12.044 0.001
  Yes 56(74.67) 39(47.56)
  No 19(25.33) 43(52.44)
CE course [n(%)] 7.613 0.006
   < 3 years 32(42.67) 53(64.63)
  ≥3 years 43(57.33) 29(35.37)
Pregnancy times [n(%)] 3.282 0.070
   < 2 63(84.00) 59(71.95)
  ≥2 12(16.00) 23(28.05)
Number of births [n(%)] 1.385 0.239
   < 2 70(93.33) 72(87.80)
  ≥2 5(6.67) 10(12.20)
Number of miscarriages [n(%)] 4.490 0.034
   < 2 71(94.67) 69(84.15)
  ≥2 4(5.33) 13(15.85)

2.4 2组患者血清性激素比较

EP组患者FSH(7.19 U/L±0.98 U/L)、LH(3.15 U/L±0.93 U/L)和E2(168.52 pmol/L±65.12 pmol/L)水平均高于无EP组患者(6.63 U/L±1.13 U/L、2.64 U/L±0.86 U/L和130.24 pmol/L±53.29 pmol/L),差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。

2.5 2组患者炎症指标比较

EP组患者TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和CRP水平均高于无EP组患者,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。见表 4

表 4 2组炎症指标比较 Tab.4 Comparison of inflammatory indices between the two groups
Group n TNF-α(ng/L) IL-1β(ng/L) IL-6(ng/L) CRP(mg/L)
EP group 75 20.35±3.36 31.97±5.31 125.82±8.63 15.70±4.13
Non-EP group 82 17.88±3.24 21.26±3.63 109.21±8.55 12.25±3.14
t 4.688 14.86 12.105 5.922
P < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

2.6 CE患者EP的多因素logistic回归分析

将单因素分析中具有显著差异的指标纳入多因素logistic回归分析,结果显示,MCP-1、FSH、LH、E2、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6是CE患者合并EP的独立危险因素(P < 0.05)。见表 5

表 5 多因素logistic回归分析 Tab.5 Multivariate logistic regression analysis
Project β SE Wald χ2 OR 95%CI P
Menopause 0.381 0.209 3.266 1.463 0.971-2.204 0.071
Abnormal uterine bleeding 0.432 0.228 3.810 1.545 1.005-2.371 0.054
Pelvic pain 0.276 0.174 2.715 1.321 0.953-1.852 0.088
CE course 0.143 0.087 2.471 1.159 0.968-1.377 0.117
MCP-1 1.120 0.243 30.279 3.521 2.173-5.246 < 0.001
FSH 0.339 0.163 4.414 1.398 1.025-1.933 0.042
LH 0.417 0.192 4.678 1.520 1.036-2.204 0.036
E2 0.851 0.138 36.731 2.342 1.765-3.100 < 0.001
TNF-α 0.622 0.169 13.293 1.857 1.330-2.600 0.001
IL-1β 1.152 0.183 34.030 2.859 2.015-4.072 < 0.001
IL-6 1.182 0.231 26.297 3.251 2.072-5.110 < 0.001
CRP 0.160 0.101 2.562 1.173 0.964-1.435 0.103

2.7 MCP-1水平与血清性激素及炎症指标的相关性分析

多元线性回归分析结果显示,E2和TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、CRP在未调整模型和调整模型中,均与MCP-1水平呈显著正相关(P < 0.05),见表 6

表 6 MCP-1水平与血清性激素及炎症指标的相关性分析 Tab.6 Correlation analysis between MCP-1 levels and serum sex hormones and inflammatory indexes
Project MCP-1
β OR 95%CI P
Unadjusted model
  FSH 0.496 1.642 1.433-1.776 0.079
  LH 0.341 1.406 1.145-1.532 0.111
  E2 0.553 1.738 1.423-2.123 < 0.001
  TNF-α 0.889 2.433 1.666-3.551 < 0.001
  IL-1β 2.651 14.168 10.518-19.085 < 0.001
  IL-6 0.622 1.863 1.472-2.357 < 0.001
  CRP 1.193 3.297 2.545-4.270 < 0.001
Model 1
  FSH 0.203 1.225 1.001-1.357 0.425
  LH 0.107 1.113 0.904-1.323 0.427
  E2 0.243 1.275 1.067-1.524 0.015
  TNF-α 0.355 1.426 1.082-1.881 0.024
  IL-1β 1.941 6.966 5.441-8.917 < 0.001
  IL-6 0.338 1.402 1.196-1.643 < 0.001
  CRP 0.883 2.418 1.802-3.245 < 0.001
Model 2
  FSH 0.329 1.391 1.145-1.586 0.282
  LH 0.178 1.195 0.897-1.469 0.147
  E2 0.301 1.351 1.171-1.559 < 0.001
  TNF-α 0.569 1.766 1.332-2.343 < 0.001
  IL-1β 2.296 9.934 7.625-12.944 < 0.001
  IL-6 0.361 1.435 1.175-1.752 0.001
  CRP 0.785 2.192 1.628-2.953 < 0.001
Model 1,adjust BMI,menarche time,menstrual cycle,endometrial thickness,hypertension,diabetes,smoking history,drinking history,oral contraceptives,pregnancy times and parity;Model 2,based on Model 1,adjust age,menstrual regularity,menopause,abnormal uterine bleeding,pelvic pain,CE course and abortion times.

2.8 MCP-1水平与CE患者合并EP的剂量-反应分析

应用限制性立方样条模型分析MCP-1水平与CE患者合并EP的剂量-反应关系。结果显示,MCP-1水平与CE患者合并EP的关联强度存在非线性剂量-反应关系(非线性检验P < 0.001),呈显著正相关,尤其当MCP-1 > 30.30 ng/mL时,随着MCP-1水平升高,CE患者EP患病风险显著上升。见图 1

图 1 基于限制性立方样条模型分析MCP-1水平与CE患者EP发生的关系 Fig.1 Analysis of the relationship between MCP-1 levels and EP in patients with CE based on the restricted cubic spline model

2.9 MCP-1与炎症指标对CE患者EP的GMDR交互作用分析

以MCP-1与TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、CRP水平的中位数值作为界值,将各项高水平赋值为1,低水平赋值为0,采用GMDR模型进行交互作用分析,模型结果显示,在CE合并EP患者中,最佳交互作用模型为MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6高水平之间的交互作用(P < 0.05)。见表 7

表 7 MCP-1与炎症指标对CE患者的GMDR分析 Tab.7 GMDR analysis of MCP-1 levels and inflammatory indices in patients with CE
Model Test balance accuracy Replacement test(P Cross-validation consistency
A1 0.532 7(0.109) 6/10
A2/A4 0.564 6(0.055) 7/10
A1/A2/A4 0.582 7(0.023) 7/10
A1/A2/A3/A4* 0.611 10(0.001) 9/10
A1/A2/A3/A4/A5 0.602 9(0.012) 10/10
A1,A2,A3,A4 and A5 respectively represent high expression of MCP-1,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and CRP. *,best model.

3 讨论

尽管CE是良性病变,仍能引发不良妊娠结局、降低生育能力[11]。有研究[12]显示,在CE患者宫腔中通常能观察到仅由子宫内膜黏膜的小血管化突起构成的微息肉,微息肉的形成机制可能涉及大量炎症细胞的局部积聚,进而刺激子宫内膜组织过度增殖并诱发异常血管生成,最终形成EP。本研究157例CE患者中有75例伴有EP,发生率为47.77%。研究[13]发现,MCP-1是C-C趋化因子家族的一员,通过与其受体C-C趋化因子受体2(cc chemokine receptor 2,CCR2)结合激活核因子κB(nuclear factor-kappa B,NF-ĸB)等关键的炎症信号通路,在调控细胞迁移的同时,促进白细胞的募集,在感染期间发挥保护性免疫反应的核心作用,MCP-1由子宫内膜、腹膜间皮、巨噬细胞、单核细胞、内皮细胞和成纤维细胞分泌,分泌后可导致单核细胞、巨噬细胞等免疫细胞浸润,并可能导致免疫平衡向Th2极化[14]

本研究发现在不同临床特征(包括流产次数、白带异常、异常子宫出血、骨盆疼痛以及是否合并EP)的患者中,MCP-1水平均存在统计学差异,且EP患者的MCP-1水平显著高于非EP患者,限制性立方样条模型分析显示,当MCP-1水平高于30.30 ng/mL时,EP的患病风险显著增加。研究[8]表明,病原体相关分子模式、损伤相关分子模式(damage-associa-ted molecular pattern,DAMP)在发挥抗感染作用的同时,也可能导致宿主细胞损伤,当宿主细胞识别这些分子模式后,可激活NF-κB和TNF-α的过度表达,活化的NF-κB进入细胞核内,进而上调MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β等多种促炎细胞因子的表达,这可能是EP发生发展的重要机制。本研究结果显示,EP组患者的TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、CRP水平均显著高于非EP组患者,且与MCP-1水平呈显著正相关,提示促炎细胞因子可能通过上调MCP-1的表达参与EP的发生发展。GMDR交互作用分析结果显示,MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6与CE患者发生EP之间存在显著的交互作用,且协同作用比单一指标的作用更强,可能是因为MCP-1作为炎症反应的中游分子,通过结合其受体CCR2,吸引单核细胞和巨噬细胞迁移至炎症部位,这些被募集的巨噬细胞进一步释放更多的炎性细胞因子,形成持续的促炎细胞因子正反馈网络。

本研究结果显示,EP组患者的FSH、LH和E2水平显著高于非EP组患者,且E2与MCP-1水平呈显著正相关。雌激素可以通过快速激活细胞膜表面丝裂原活化蛋白激酶等信号通路对其他转录因子进行调控和激活,其他转录因子可激活下游靶基因的转录,参与细胞的生理过程[15-16]

综上所述,在CE患者中,MCP-1水平与EP的发生密切相关,并受到性激素E2及炎症指标TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、CRP的正向调控。MCP-1可能在CE合并EP的发生发展中发挥关键作用。

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