摘要： 目的 了解安徽、新疆项目地区农村社区居民饮食习惯和结构情况,以针对具体情况制定项目干预措施。 方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法获得调查对象。对安徽、新疆项目地区15~69岁农村社区居民2 203人进行问卷调查。 结果 调查人群食用新鲜蔬菜的频度最高占64.7%;27.7%的每周食用腌熏食品3 d以上,88.6%的居民每周食用乳及乳制品的时间不足1 d,51.4%的居民每周食用豆制品的时间不足1 d;67.5%的汉族居民和55.4%少数民族居民能够坚持每天按时吃早餐。安徽项目地区的农民在新鲜蔬菜、豆制品、乳及乳制品、腌熏食品、油炸食品和甜食的摄入频度均高于新疆;2省在新鲜蔬菜、水果、乳及乳制品、腌熏食品和甜食的摄入有差异;水果和乳制品的食用频率随年龄增加而减少,豆制品和腌熏食品的食用频率随年龄增加而增加;水果、豆制品、腌熏食品和甜食的摄入各年龄组差异有统计学意义,P＜0.05。文化程度越高,摄入蔬菜、水果、豆制品、乳制品的频度越高,摄入腌熏食品的频度越低。 结论 安徽、新疆农村社区居民饮食习惯和饮食结构不合理,需要进一步改善。

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the dietary pattern of rural residents in Anhui and Xinjiang provinces so that the intervention measures be made according to the real situation. Methods In the project counties of Anhui and provinces random cluster sampling was used to select 2203 study people aged 15～69 years old and face to face interview was carried out. Results In the study population 64.7% of people took fresh vegetable every day,27.7% of people chose preserved food more than 3 days a week,but 88.6% of people chose milk and milk product less than 1 day a week,51.4% of people chose bean product less than 1 day a week.The 67.5% of Han people and 55.4% of minority insisted on having breakfast everyday.The eating frequencies of fresh vegetable,bean product,milk and milk product,preserved food,fried food and sweetmeat of Anhui people were higher than that of Xinjiang people.Consumption frequencies of fresh vegetable,fruit,milk and milk product,preserved food and sweetmeat were variable in different provinces.The consumption frequencies of fruit,bean product,preserved food and sweetmeat were variable in different age groups.It was showed the higher of the education level the lower of eating frequency of the preserved food. Conclusion The dietary pattern of rural residents in Anhui and Xinjiang provinces is not reasonable and needs to be improved.