青藏高原冬季NDVI与西南地区夏季气温的滞后关系

引用本文

李学敏, 周定文, 范广洲, 李洪权, 华维, 刘雅勤. 青藏高原冬季NDVI与西南地区夏季气温的滞后关系[J]. 应用气象学报, 2008, 19(2): 161-170. 复制到剪切板

Li Xuemin, Zhou Dingwen, Fan Guangzhou, Li Hongquan, Hua Wei, Liu Yaqin. The Lag Relationship Between Winter NDVI over Tibetan Plateau and Temperature of the Southwest China[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2008, 19(2): 161-170 复制到剪切板

青藏高原冬季NDVI与西南地区夏季气温的滞后关系

李学敏¹, 周定文^1,2,3, 范广洲¹, 李洪权¹, 华维¹, 刘雅勤¹

1. 成都信息工程学院高原大气与环境研究中心, 成都 610225;
2. 中国科学院大气物理研究所, 北京 100029;
3. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049

2007-01-18 收到, 2007-07-13 收到修改稿.

资助项目: 国家自然科学基金项目“青藏高原植被变化对区域气候的影响及其机理研究”(40675037)、四川省青年科技基金重点项目“青藏高原植被生态系统演变特征及其对区域气候变化的影响”(05ZQ026-023) 共同资助

摘要: 该文利用EOF分解得到的1982—2001年西南地区夏季平均、最高和最低气温的时空特征显示, 西南地区夏季平均、最高气温的时空变化具有很好的一致性, 尤其是川渝地区20世纪80年代为气温负距平, 90年代开始有明显升温。利用GIMMS NDVI和西南4省市96个台站的气温资料进行了相关分析、合成分析以及SVD分析, 得到前期冬季青藏高原植被影响该区夏季气温的滞后关系以及影响较大的区域。结果表明:西南地区夏季平均气温、最高气温对青藏高原冬季植被变化较敏感, 其中青藏高原西部NDVI与西南地区夏季气温的相关强于东部; 青藏高原NDVI异常偏高对应西南地区夏季气温偏高, 其中最高气温升高较明显, 增温最大值出现在7月, 位于西南地区北部; 青藏高原冬季植被变化与西南地区平均气温、最高气温和最低气温的最佳耦合模态中影响程度及关键区域略有差异, 青藏高原冬季NDVI与夏季平均气温关系最密切, 其中青藏高原东北大部分地区和南部 (包括拉萨及林芝东部地区) 的影响最大, 气温对前期青藏高原NDVI变化反应的敏感区主要位于四川盆地及其附近地区。

关键词: 青藏高原 NDVI 西南地区气温

The Lag Relationship Between Winter NDVI over Tibetan Plateau and Temperature of the Southwest China

Li Xuemin¹, Zhou Dingwen^1,2,3, Fan Guangzhou¹, Li Hongquan¹, Hua Wei¹, Liu Yaqin¹

1. Center for Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225;
2. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;
3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Abstract: Many studies show the importance of vegetation to climate. Southwest China neighbors to Tibetan Plateau, by which climate of this region is influenced by its own system. Therefore, taking account of both factors it is considered that climate of Southwest China is affected by vegetation over Tibetan Plateau to some extent. The lag relationships between NDVI over Tibetan Plateau and temperature of Southwest China are discussed by using statistical methods. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis is made first to describe temporal and spacial characteristics of mean temperature, highest temperature and lowest temperature in summer over Southwest China during the period of 1982—2001. The results show that there is a coincidence between mean temperature and highest temperature, especially Sichuan and Chongqing are in a cool period during 1980s and getting warm in 1990s. Based on the monthly Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data that is made by GIMMS (Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies) workgroup and the monthly mean air temperature, maximum air temperature and minimum air temperature data of 96 stations in Southwest China, the relationships between NDVI over Tibetan Plateau and temperature of Southwest China and key regions are analyzed by applying correlation, composite and singular value decomposition (SVD). The results show that mean temperature and highest temperature are more sensitive to vegetation change, and the correlation between temperature and preceding NDVI has a significant difference between tow parts of the Plateau, vegetation over the West Plateau shows a stronger influence on temperatures than the east part. Compared with the years of abnormally low NDVI, abnormally high NDVI in winter over the Plateau corresponds to a warming in Southwest China in summer, highest temperature increases most obviously, the maximum increase occurs in July in north of Southwest China. The best coupled patterns of NDVI and tem peratures are showed respectively, the extent of vegetation's impact on temperatures and key regions are distinguished. The strongest correlation is found between the Plateau NDVI of winter and mean temperature of summer; mean temperature is driven by vegetation in northeast part of the Plateau, Lhasa and Linzhi predominately. For highest temperature the area of remarkable correlation is located in west of the Plateau and the large area along the north edge of the Plateau, and for the lowest temperature is the belt region along the north edge of the Plateau. The regions sensitive to the change of winter NDVI are mainly located in Sichuan Basin and the vicinity of it.

Key words: Tibetan Plateau NDVI Southwest China temperature

[1]	Charney J G, Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel. Q J R Meteorol Soc, 1975, 101, (428): 193–202. DOI:10.1002/(ISSN)1477-870X
[2]	Henderson-Sellers A, Gornitz V, Possible climate impacts of land cover transformations, with particular emphasis on tropical deforestation. Clim Change, 1984, 6, (3-4): 231–258.
[3]	Xue Y, The impact of desertification in the Mongolian and the Inner Mongolian Grassland on the regional climate. J Climate, 1996, 9, (9): 2173–2189. DOI:10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<2173:TIODIT>2.0.CO;2
[4]	张井勇, 董文杰, 符淙斌. 中国北方和蒙古南部植被退化对区域气候的影响. 科学通报, 2005, 50, (1): 53–58.
[5]	陈隆勋, 周秀骥, 李维亮. 中国近80年来气候变化特征及其形成机制. 气象学报, 2004, 62, (5): 634–645.
[6]	方之芳, 李超, 李贤琅. 青藏高原温度场与贵州干旱的联系. 高原气象, 1996, 15, (4): 496–502.
[7]	叶月珍, 方之芳. 青藏高原热力状况与四川盆地汛期降水的联系. 高原气象, 1999, 18, (2): 162–170.
[8]	周锁铨, 陈万隆, 徐海明. 青藏高原及其周围植被对夏季气候影响的套网格数值试验比较. 南京气象学院学报, 1998, 21, (1): 85–93.
[9]	范广洲, 程国栋. 影响青藏高原植被生理过程与大气CO₂浓度及气候变化的相互作用. 大气科学, 2002, 26, (4): 509–518.
[10]	班军梅, 缪启龙, 李雄. 西南地区近50年来气温变化特征研究. 长江流域资源与环境, 2006, 15, (3): 346–351.
[11]	Zhou Dingwen, Fan Guangzhou, Huang Ronghui, et al. Interannual variability of the normalized difference vegetation index on the Tibetan Plateau and its relationship with climate change. Adv Atmos Sci, 2007, 24, (3): 474–484. DOI:10.1007/s00376-007-0474-2
[12]	赵平, 陈隆勋. 35年来青藏高原大气热源气候特征及其与中国降水的关系. 中国科学 (D辑), 2001, 31, (4): 327–332.
[13]	王澄海, 董文杰, 韦志刚. 青藏高原季节冻融过程与东亚大气环流关系的研究. 地球物理学报, 2003, 46, (3): 309–316.
[14]	John M Wallace, Catherine Smith, Christopher S Bretherton, Singular value decomposition of wintertime sea surface temperature and 500 mb height anomalies. J Climate, 1992, 5: 561–576. DOI:10.1175/1520-0442(1992)005<0561:SVDOWS>2.0.CO;2
[15]	丁裕国, 江志红. SVD方法在气象诊断分析中的普适性. 气象学报, 1995, 54, (3): 365–371.
[16]	董敏, 朱文妹, 徐祥德. 青藏高原地表热通量变化及其对初夏东亚大气环流的影响. 应用气象学报, 2001, 12, (4): 458–468.
[17]	张井勇, 董文杰, 叶笃正, 等. 中国植被覆盖对夏季气候影响的新证据. 科学通报, 2003, 48, (1): 91–95.
[18]	徐兴奎, 陈红. 中国西部地区地表植被覆盖和积雪覆盖变化对沙尘天气的影响. 科学通报, 2006, 51, (6): 707–714.
[19]	Liu Zhengyu, Notaro M, Kutzbach J, et al. Assessing global vegetation-Climate feedbacks from observations. Meteorol Soc, 2006, 19: 787–813.
[20]	高志球, 卞林根, 程彦杰, 等. 利用生物圈模型 (SiB2) 模拟青藏高原那曲草原近地面层能量收支. 应用气象学报, 2002, 13, (2): 129–141.
[21]	莫申国, 张百平, 程维明, 等. 青藏高原的主要环境效应. 地理科学进展, 2004, 23, (2): 88–96.
[22]	郭铌, 杨兰芳, 李民轩. 利用气象卫星资料研究祁连山区植被和积雪变化. 应用气象学报, 2003, 14, (6): 700–707.


图 2. 高原西部 (a)、东部 (b) 冬季NDVI与西南地区夏季最高气温场的相关系数 (阴影区表示相关系数通过90%信度检验) Fig 2. The correlation between winter NDVI over two parts of Tibetan Plateau and summer highest temperature of Southwest China (a) the West Plateau, (b) the East Plateau (areas exceeding 90% level are shaded)


图 3. 高原西部 (a)、东部 (b) 冬季NDVI与西南地区夏季最低气温场的相关系数 (阴影区表示相关系数通过90%信度检验) Fig 3. The correlation between winter NDVI over two parts of Tibetan Plateau and summer lowest temperature of Southwest China (a) the West Plateau, (b) the East Plateau (areas exceeding 90% level are shaded)


图 4. 高原冬季NDVI高值和低值年份合成的西南地区气温差值 (a) 平均气温, (b) 最高气温, (c) 最低气温 Fig 4. Composite differences of temperatures in Southwest China between the winter high and low NDVI years (a) mean temperature, (b) highest temperature, (c) lowest temperature