岩石学报  2012, Vol. 28 Issue (10): 3051-3066   PDF    
长江中下游成矿带地质与矿产研究进展
周涛发, 范裕, 袁峰, 钟国雄     
合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院, 合肥 230009
摘要: 长江中下游成矿带是我国重要成矿带之一, 矿产资源开发利用历史悠久。自20世纪20年代至今, 国内外学者在该地区开展了广泛深入研究工作, 取得了丰硕的研究成果, 并发表了大量科学研究论文和50余部专著。据统计, 1959年~2012年间在公开发行的中文地质学期刊中, 有关长江中下游地区的学术论文共888篇;1990年~2012年间公开发表的SCI检索论文中该区有185篇。这些论文中涉及矿床学方面的研究最多, 约占论文总数的一半。成矿带内, 铜陵矿集区研究程度最高, 发表的相关论文数量也最多。有关成矿带的论文发表数量总体趋势逐年增加, 在20世纪90年代初和2010~2012年出现两个研究高峰, 反映了长江中下游成矿带近年来仍然是我国地质学研究的热点地区之一。近年来, 长江中下游成矿带的地质找矿和科学研究均取得了重要进展, 地质与矿产研究主要集中在以下几方面:(1)中生代构造转换与成岩成矿的地球动力学背景;(2)岩浆作用与深部过程;(3)成矿系统及其演化;(4)成矿潜力。本专辑收录的26篇论文基本反映了当前长江中下游成矿带及邻区的最新研究进展, 所报道的大量地质学新观察、矿床学和岩石学研究、元素和同位素地球化学数据、同位素年代学特别是高精度锆石U-Pb年龄等对深入进一步探讨长江中下游成矿带形成与演化具有重要参考价值, 对于推动成矿带基础理论研究和指导找矿勘探均有重要意义。
关键词: 长江中下游成矿带     研究进展     论文专著统计    
Progress of geological study in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt
ZHOU TaoFa, FAN Yu, YUAN Feng, ZHONG GuoXiong     
School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
Abstract: The Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt is one of the most important metallogenic belts in China, which experienced a long history of mining exploration and utilization. Many geologists have carried out researchs on this area since the 1920s and have published hundreds of scientific papers and more than 50 books. According to statistics, there are 888 scientific papers published in Chinese Journals focusing on the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt from 1959 to 2012, and 185 SCI papers were published from 1990 to 2012. The research about ore deposits and mineralization is nearly occupying half of the total number of the published papers. The amount of published papers about the Tongling ore district in the belt is the highest. The number of published papers about Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt formed two peaks in the early 1990s and 2010~2012 and still exhibit increasing trend, which shows that the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt has been one of the hotspots for geological research in recent years. The researchers focus on four fields: (1) Mesozoic tectonic evolution and dynamic background of magmatism and mineralization, (2) magmatism and plutonic activity, (3) ore-forming system and evolution, (4) metallogenic potential. This edition contains 26 papers generally reflect the latest research progress of the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt and its adjacent areas. Those papers report many new geological and petrological observations, elemental and isotopic geochemical data and high-precision U-Pb zircon age data etc. These documents offer important evidences for further understanding of the origin and evolvement of the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt and also have important significance on prospecting in the area.
Key words: The Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt     Progress of geology study     Statistics of scientific papers and books    
1 长江中下游成矿带地质简述

长江中下游成矿带位于扬子板块北缘的长江断裂带内, 其基底为古中元古界董岭岩群(常印佛等, 1991), 该区自晋宁期以来, 经历了古生代盖层沉积阶段和中生代板内变形阶段, 受特提斯构造域、古太平洋构造域和深部壳幔作用过程复合形成的中生代转换构造背景控制(常印佛等, 1991翟裕生等, 1992a唐永成等, 1998周涛发等, 2008), 长期的构造作用、岩浆活动和成矿作用形成了成矿带内断隆区和断凹区的次级构造格局及丰富多样的铁、铜、金多金属等矿床组合, 金属矿床(点)计有200余处, 由七个各具特点的矿集区组成, 自西向东为鄂东南、九瑞、安庆-贵池、庐枞、铜陵、宁芜和宁镇矿集区等。由矽卡岩型、斑岩型、玢岩型等热液矿床为主组成的内生铜、铁、金多金属成矿系列是长江中下游成矿带的主要成矿系列, 是燕山期构造-岩浆-成矿作用的产物, 与周缘的东秦岭-大别成矿带、钦杭成矿带等相比, 特色显著。

2 长江中下游成矿带相关研究论文和专著统计

长江中下游成矿带是我国重要的铜铁等矿产资源的生产基地, 地质与矿产研究及矿产资源开发利用历史悠久, 是我国“玢岩铁矿”(宁芜玢岩铁矿编写组, 1978)、“层控矽卡岩型矿床”理论(常印佛和刘学圭, 1983常印佛等, 1991)和复合叠加成矿理论(翟裕生等, 1992a)的发祥地, 在国内外成矿理论研究领域占有重要的一席之地。该区的研究工作始于20世纪20年代, 主要研究工作开展于新中国成立后, 不同学者对长江中下游成矿带进行了广泛深入的研究工作, 取得了丰硕的研究成果, 并发表了大量科学研究论文和专著。《中国期刊全文数据库》的数据表明, 1959年~2012年间在公开发行的中文地质学期刊中, 有关长江中下游成矿带的学术论文共888篇, 论文数总体逐年增加(图la), 其中, 20世纪90年代初和2010~2012年是两个研究高峰, 分别发表论文154和176篇。按主要学科专业统计可见, 涉及矿床学方面的论文最多(400篇), 接近所有论文数量的一半, 其他依次为岩浆岩石学(223篇)、地球化学(199篇)、沉积岩石学(74篇)、构造地质学(59篇)、地球动力学(58篇)、地球物理学(32篇)和古生物学等(14篇)(图 1b)。从主要研究地域看, 有关铜陵矿集区的论文最多(269篇), 其他依次为庐枞(100篇)、鄂东南(96篇)、宁芜(94篇)、宁镇(54篇), 安庆-贵池(48篇)和九瑞矿集区(35篇)(图 1c)。

图 1 长江中下游成矿带中文论文统计(相关中文期刊数据来自中国期刊全文数据库http: //www.sy.cnki.net) Fig. 1 Scientific papers about geology and ore deposits of the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt published in Chinese Scientific Journals during 1959~2012 (data afterhttp: //www.sy.cnki.net)

Web of Knowledge的数据表明, 1990年~2012年间有关长江中下游成矿带地质与矿产方面的SCI检索论文共185篇(其中74篇发表在《岩石学报》中), 2003年后SCI检索论文数量大幅增加(图 2a)。按主要学科专业统计发现, SCI检索论文中, 涉及地球化学方面的论文最多(91篇), 接近所有论文数量的一半, 其他依次为矿床学(75篇)、岩浆岩石学(60篇)、地球动力学(21篇)、构造地质学(18篇)、地球物理学(12篇)、古生物学(5篇)和沉积岩石学(4篇)(图 2b)。从主要研究地域看, 有关铜陵矿集区的论文最多(53篇), 依次为庐枞(37篇)、宁芜(26篇)、鄂东南(11篇)、安庆-贵池(9篇)和九瑞矿集区(6篇)(图 2c)。

图 2 长江中下游成矿带1990~2012年间SCI检索论文统计(相关英文期刊数据来自Web of Knowledge数据库http://webofknowledge.com) Fig. 2 Scientific papers about geology and ore deposits of the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt published in English Scientific Journals during 1987~2006 (data after http://webofknowledge.com)

据不完全检索, 自20世纪70年代以来, 共出版了50余部长江中下游成矿带相关研究的专著。其中《宁芜玢岩铁矿》(宁芜玢岩铁矿编写组, 1978)、《长江中下游地区铁铜(金)成矿规律》(常印佛等, 1991)和《长江中下游铜铁成矿带》(翟裕生等, 1992a)三本专著高度总结概括了成矿带铁铜矿床的地质特征和成矿规律, 是该成矿带研究的经典著作, 被广泛引用, 具有很大的影响力。针对矿集区部分区域或单个矿集区的系统研究, 出版了《赣西北铜矿》(季绍新等, 1990)、《鄂东铁铜矿产地质》(舒全安等, 1992)、《江西九-瑞地区铜金成矿系列》(崔彬等, 1992)、《鄂东南铜金矿床成矿模式与找矿模型》(薛迪康等, 1997)、《安徽庐枞中生代火山构造洼地及其成矿作用》(任启江等, 1991)和《安徽沿江地区铜多金属矿床地质》(唐永成等, 1998)等一系列专著。同时, 长江中下游成矿带不同专题研究方面也出版了多本专著, 如岩浆岩及其与成矿作用的关系研究(吴利仁, 1985毛建仁等, 1990周珣若和任进, 1994邓晋福等, 1992马昌前等, 1994陈江峰等, 1994倪若水和吴其切, 1998邢凤鸣和徐祥, 1999吴才来等, 2009)、大地构造与成矿关系研究(徐树桐等, 1987向缉熙等, 1988翟裕生等, 1999刘文灿等, 1996)、区域地质研究(安徽省地质矿产局, 1987, 1988江西省地质矿产局, 1984湖北省地质矿产局, 1990江苏省地质矿产局, 1984)、典型矿床(矿田)研究(中国科学院地球化学研究所, 1987黄清涛, 1989胡文瑄等, 1991岳文浙和杨珊珊, 1993董树文和邱瑞龙, 1993吴明安等, 1996肖振民等, 1996张荣华等, 2002周涛发等, 2005)和成矿规律研究(王永基等, 1996冶金部中南地勘局, 1996胡焕德等, 1994李文达等, 1980王道华等, 1987翟裕生等, 1992b赵永鑫, 1993周涛发等, 2009)。此外, 还出版了若干本论文汇编集(吴言昌, 1990, 1994;长江中下游铁铜金矿产地质论文集委员会, 1996)。裴荣富和张新元(1998)陈毓川(1999)涂光炽等(1999)毛景文等(2006)等出版的专著也部分涉及长江中下游成矿带。以上专著的出版和发行, 大大提高了长江中下游成矿带的整体研究水平。

3 长江中下游成矿带近年来主要研究进展

长江中下游成矿带近年来地质与矿产资源研究进展主要表现如下几个方面。

3.1 中生代构造转换与成岩成矿的地球动力学背景

长江中下游成矿带作为中国东部的组成部分之一, 在中生代经历了区域构造体制转换与重大调整的过程, 主构造格局由近EW向转换为NE-NNE向(常印佛等, 1991翟裕生等, 1992a唐永成等, 1998)。Hilde (1976)曾提出135Ma前东亚大陆边缘的俯冲-转换的构造动力模式, 任纪舜等(1999)等研究认为中国东部的构造体制转换的时间位于侏罗纪与早白垩世之间, 而李文达等(1998)提出中国东南大陆岩石圈的构造环境经历了176~150Ma的挤压、145Ma由挤压向伸展扩张的转换、125~105Ma的扩张增强、以及92Ma左右进入裂解阶段, 中生代大规模的火山-侵入作用和成矿作用主要发生在大陆伸展-地壳减薄期, 董树文等(2007, 2011)则认为构造体制的重大转换发生于中晚侏罗世初期(165±5Ma)。宋传中等(2011)提出了长江中下游转换构造结的新认识。

长江中下游地区的岩浆作用和成矿作用主要发生于145~120Ma之间(陈江峰等, 2005吴淦国等, 2008周涛发等, 2008, 2010, 毛景文等, 2012), 形成的岩浆岩主要由三个系列组成:高碱钙碱性系列(常印佛等, 1991)、橄榄安粗岩系列(王德滋等, 1996)和碱性花岗岩系列(邢凤鸣和徐祥, 1999范裕等, 2008周涛发等, 2008, 2010, 2011袁峰等, 2010; Li et al., 2011), 矿床类型以“广义矽卡岩型”(矽卡岩-斑岩-层状)铜铁金矿床和“玢岩铁矿型”铁矿床为主(常印佛等, 1991翟裕生等, 1992a唐永成等, 1998宁芜玢岩铁矿编写组, 1978; Pan and Dong, 1999)。对成岩成矿作用的地球动力学背景认识尚未统一, 有认为是属于与古太平洋板块俯冲作用有关(吴利仁, 1985孙卫东等, 2008; Sun et al., 2007, 2010; Ling et al., 2009; Liu et al., 2010; 汪洋等, 2004; Maruyama et al., 1997)、地幔上隆和长江断裂带的控制作用(常印佛等, 1991唐永成等, 1998)、板内断块岩浆活动带(翟裕生等, 1992a邓军等, 2006秦克章等, 1999)或经历了大陆边缘环境向陆内断块环境的过渡的转换期及135Ma以后的典型的伸展拉张背景(周涛发等, 2007, 2008, 2010), 也有人提出与板内裂谷带(邢凤鸣和徐祥, 1999)、类盆岭式的岩石圈伸展(Li and Li, 2007)或拆沉作用等深部动力学过程(张旗等, 2001许继峰等, 2001王强等, 2001吕庆田等, 2004朱光等, 2008)有关。董树文和邱瑞龙(1993)侯增谦等(2004)李曙光(2001)Mao et al.(2006)等还强调了大别山演化或大别山前陆环境对长江中下游成矿带成岩成矿构造背景的重要制约作用。

3.2 岩浆作用与深部过程

长江中下游地区的成岩成矿作用是中国东部中生代大规模成岩成矿作用(常印佛等, 1991翟裕生等, 1992a华仁民和毛景文, 1999毛景文等, 2004)的典型代表, 特色显著, 具有爆发性、阶段性、分区性和专属性等特点(周涛发等, 2008)。

众多研究认为, 中国东部燕山期大面积出露的花岗质岩石是壳幔相互作用的产物(Richards and Noble, 1998周新民等, 2006吴福元等, 2003徐夕生等, 2004), 基性岩浆底侵并与地壳间的相互作用是形成这些花岗质岩石的主要机制, 幔源岩浆在大陆地壳生长与演化过程中起到重要作用。长江中下游地区晚中生代与成矿作用关系密切的中酸性岩石的形成是一种壳幔物质混合过程的产物, 地幔具有富集特征(王元龙等, 2001; Li et al., 2008袁峰等, 2008, 2010周涛发等, 2008)。其他一些研究者(张旗等, 2001赵振华和涂光炽, 2003王强等, 2003许继峰等, 2001)认为, 燕山期由于玄武质岩浆的底侵、下地壳拆沉等深部过程形成的埃达克岩是本区成矿的主要原因。

近年来, 随着同位素定年技术的提高和对长江中下游成矿带成岩成矿时代研究的不断深入, 获得了成矿带中主要岩浆岩的一系列高质量同位素年代数据(蒋少涌等, 2008杜杨松等, 2007; Li et al., 2008, 2009; 范裕等, 2008周涛发等, 2008, 2010; Kempe et al., 2001吴才来等, 2003杨晓勇, 2006; Xie et al., 2007; Ding et al., 2006刘洪等, 2002谢智等, 2007, 曾健年等, 2010侯可军和袁顺达, 2010袁峰等, 2011张智宇等, 2011段超等, 2011陈志洪等, 2011瞿泓滢等, 2012赖小东等, 2012; Wu et al., 2012; Xie et al., 2012), 本区岩浆活动的时空格架已基本建立。关于该区燕山期成矿作用的时间, 已积累了不少矿床的精确同位素年龄数据(Sun et al., 2003; 毛景文等, 2004, 马芳等, 2006, 2010周涛发等, 2008, 2010; Xie et al., 2007; Yu and Mao, 2004; Zhou et al., 2011范裕等, 2011马立成等, 2011), 表明145~135Ma的岩浆活动主要发生在断隆区(如铜陵地区等), 是铜金矿化的主要时期, 而135~127Ma的岩浆活动主要发生在断陷区(如庐枞盆地、宁芜盆地等), 是铁矿化的主要时期, 断凹区铁矿床的成矿时代略晚于断隆区的铜铁金矿床, 但与碱性岩和A型花岗岩有关的成矿流体系统还缺乏同位素年龄制约。

3.3 成矿系统及其演化

长江中下游成矿带矿床类型多样, 成矿系统演化复杂(翟裕生, 2007邓军等, 2006周涛发等, 2002), 对部分矿床特别是层状、似层状矿床如新桥、冬瓜山、武山、城门山等矿床的成因存在争论(Pan and Dong, 1999; Mao et al., 2006杨竹森等, 2004陆建军等, 2008蒋少涌等, 2008, 2010, 2011顾连兴等, 2003陈红谨等, 2011)。

长江中下游成矿带中生代铜铁金多金属矿床成矿系统的基本类型有:(1)与高钾钙碱性岩系有关的矽卡岩-斑岩型成矿系统(常印佛等, 1991周涛发等, 2005)(Pan and Dong, 1999; Mao et al., 2006, 2011毛景文等, 2009; Gu et al., 2011);(2)与橄榄安粗岩系有关的“玢岩铁矿型”成矿系统(宁芜玢岩铁矿编写组, 1978陈毓川等, 2006);(3)与A型花岗岩有关的氧化物-铜-金(铀)矿床成矿系统(郑永飞等, 1997; Zhao et al., 2004周涛发等, 2008范裕等, 2008;等);(4)与岩浆活动关系不明显的Tl, Au, Sb, Pb, Zn低温成矿系统(周涛发等, 2008范裕等, 2007; Zhou et al., 2006)。此外, 在系统(2)中新近识别出与橄榄安粗岩系有关的高硫型浅成低温成矿系统(周涛发等, 2008范裕等, 2010), 其中, 系统(1)研究程度最高, 如邓晋福等(2002)识别出长江中下游成矿带8个岩浆-流体-成矿系统和多个亚系统, 邓军等(2006)总结了铜陵矿集区构造流体成矿系统演化格架, 并模拟和构筑了矿集区浅层含矿岩浆输运网络与运移机制, 很多学者(侯增谦等, 2004徐兆文等, 2005谢桂青等, 2008a, b; Li et al., 2008; Zhou et al., 2007陆建军等, 2008徐晓春等, 2011王世伟等, 2011; Deng et al., 2011; Zhang et al., 2011; 姚磊等, 2012; Cao et al., 2012)对矿床成矿物质和流体的来源及演化进行了深入探讨。“玢岩型铁矿”成矿系统研究也取得了较大进展(Yu and Mao, 2004马芳等, 2006; Mao et al., 2006周涛发等, 2010薛怀民等, 2010张荣华等, 2010; Hou et al., 2011张乐骏等, 2011; Yu et al., 2011; Yuan et al., 2011孟祥金等, 2011毛景文等, 2012段超等, 2012), 但与A型花岗岩有关的氧化物-铜-金(铀)矿床成矿系统(系统(3))目前研究程度最低, 这类矿床的地质地球化学特征、成矿流体系统形成、演化过程及精细时间结构仍有待进一步研究工作。上述不同类型成矿流体系统的来源、演化过程和形成的动力学背景,以及不同类型成矿流体系统的相互关系等方面的研究将是长江中下游成矿带今后成矿系统研究的中心内容。

3.4 成矿潜力研究

近年来, 长江中下游成矿带多个矿集区的找矿勘探取得较大突破(蒋其胜等, 2008蒋少涌等, 2008吴明安等, 2011杜建国和常丹燕, 2011)。多位学者(吕庆田等, 2004陈毓川等, 2006周涛发等, 2008毛景文等, 2006, 2011;等)通过对长江中下游成矿带的成矿系统的特征分析均认为, 该成矿带的成矿潜力特别是深部有很好的成矿潜力, 存在“第二找矿空间”(常印佛等, 2007 )或“第二成矿富集带”(吕庆田等, 2004; 张达等, 2011)。此外, 近年来开展了一系列地球物理深部探测, 如吕庆田等(2004)通过对铜陵矿集区的深部地球物理探测, 发现了D/C重要赋矿构造的区域性分布特征。严加永等(2011)史大年等(2012)通过多种地球物理方法, 对长江中下游成矿带构造格架进行了研究。董树文等(2010)基于高精度反射地震剖面的综合探测, 首次开展了庐枞矿集区深部的地壳结构, 刻画了其对壳幔相互作用及矿床形成的控制作用, 以上地球物理深部探测工作皆显示长江中下游成矿带“第二找矿空间”资源潜力巨大。成矿带一系列重要找矿成果取得的同时也为矿集区深部成矿作用研究提出了很多新的研究课题, 实现该区“第二找矿空间”找矿的真正突破, 既取决于勘探技术方法的进步, 也决于矿集区和成矿带成矿作用和成矿理论研究的创新。

①常印佛等.2007.全国深部找矿工作会议报告

4 关于本专辑

为展示最近几年取得的科研成果并进一步促进长江中下游成矿带及邻区地质与矿产研究的不断深入, 组织本专辑。通过严格的审稿程序, 最终从42篇投稿中优选了26篇论文。总体看来, 本专辑收录的26篇论文基本反映了当前长江中下游及邻区的最新研究进展, 报道了大量地质学新观察, 开展了矿床学、岩石学、地球化学和同位素年代学等研究工作, 并对热点问题进行了深入的探讨, 简述如下。

常印佛等(2012)以长江中下游成矿带为例, 系统阐述了复合成矿作用的几种主要机理, 既认同前人提出的叠加和改造是其基本类型, 但强调预富集作用也应重视, 同时也不能忽视继承成矿和再生成矿, 特别是继承和预富集联合多次出现时, 可以形成区域性成矿元素的大规模富集, 提出长江中下游成矿带内广泛发育的燕山期铜、金、铁、硫及铅锌矿床为叠加改造为主的复合成因。

庐枞矿集区近年来找矿工作取得了重要突破, 被列为我国首批47个找矿突破战略行动整装勘查区之一。周涛发等(2012)对庐枞矿集区内具有磁铁矿-阳起石-磷灰石矿物组合特征的马口铁矿床开展了矿床地质特征、成矿时代及成因研究,确定该矿床是与A型花岗岩有关的新类型矿床。袁峰等(2012)对成矿带内最大的斑岩型铜金矿床--沙溪矿床进行了详细的的矿床地质观察与研究, 确定了矿床的蚀变及矿化特征, 详细划分了蚀变带, 并分析了蚀变与矿化的关系。泥河矿床是庐枞矿集区内新发现的大型铁矿床, 矿床中硬石膏在不同蚀变-矿化阶段均广泛发育, 具有鲜明的成矿特色, 为玢岩型铁矿床成矿流体研究提供了理想的对象, 范裕等(2012)开展了泥河矿床系统的成矿流体研究, 确定了各成矿阶段的物理化学条件, 并分析了矿床的成矿机制和成因。刘彦等(2012)通过庐枞矿集区已有地球物理资料的全面综合和分析, 开展了庐枞矿集区的深部结构和成矿作用研究, 并分析了庐枞矿集区的找矿潜力。

铜陵矿集区是长江中下游成矿带研究程度最高的地区。徐晓春等(2012)系统收集和整理了前人对铜陵矿集区中生代岩浆岩的研究资料和成果, 并结合新开展的地球化学工作, 总结了该区中生代侵入岩的地质地球化学特征, 认为侵入岩原始岩浆起源于挤压向拉张转换的动力学背景下的岩石圈地幔加厚熔融并底侵下地壳岩石。王世伟等(2012)对铜陵矿集区新发现的舒家店斑岩型铜矿床进行了成矿年代学和矿床形成的动力学背景研究。谢建成等(2012)分析了安徽铜陵矿集区内埃达克质侵入岩的元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素新数据, 认为该地区埃达克质岩形成于高温和低压环境, 与板块俯冲相关, 这些埃达克质岩和相关大规模Cu、Au成矿作用是俯冲洋壳部分熔融结果。宋传中等(2012)分析了长江中下游繁昌盆地中生代构造-盆地-岩浆-成矿的内在联系, 提出了长江中下游转换构造结的新认识。闫峻等(2012)对铜陵东部繁昌地区出露的三个主要侵入岩体--板石岭岩体、浮山岩体和滨江岩体, 开展了锆石U-Pb定年以及元素、同位素地球化学研究, 认为这些岩体的形成时代(126~123Ma)与长江中下游成矿带其他地区A型花岗岩(范裕等, 2008)一致, 均为拉张强度逐渐增加背景下岩浆活动的产物。刘春等(2012)等报道了繁昌地区中分村组下段和上段流纹岩的形成时代分别为131.2±1.1Ma和129.1±1.3Ma的新的年代学测试工作。

安庆-贵池矿集区是长江中下游成矿带目前研究的热点地区之一, 段留安等(2012)对安庆-贵池矿集区内新发现抛刀岭斑岩型金矿床开展了研究, 确定了与成矿关系密切侵入岩体的成岩时代, 并探讨了其形成动力学背景。张智宇等(2012)对铜山矽卡岩型铜矿床开展了系统的矿床地球化学研究, 认为铜山铜矿床成矿流体主要来自岩浆热液, 在矽卡岩退化蚀变和成矿期间有大气降水混入成矿流体。刘园园等(2012)对贵池地区早晚两期代表性侵入岩体--马头花岗闪长斑岩和花园巩石英二长岩开展了锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素研究, 认为晚中生代时期长江中下游地区的构造环境由大陆边缘环境逐渐向板内环境转变。彭戈等(2012)对贵池地区两个重要的A型花岗岩岩体-贵池岩体和茅坦岩体进行了锆石U-Pb定年以及元素、同位素地球化学研究, 并通过岩体同位素特征分析了岩浆来源、演化过程和形成的动力学背景, 认为A型花岗岩形成于127~123Ma, 是长江中下游地区地壳伸展最强烈的阶段的产物。

九瑞和鄂东南地区是长江中下游成矿带西段的两个重要矿集区。蒋少涌等(2012)研究了九瑞矿集区硅质断裂磨砾岩带及其与成矿的关系, 并认为该区内其他层位(如泥盆系与志留系之间、志留系与奥陶系之间)发肓的层滑构造体系和断裂磨砾-角砾岩带, 也很可能是成矿有利部位, 值得今后找矿工作的关注。徐耀明等(2012)颜代蓉等(2012)分别对九瑞矿集区中上湾矿区内具矿化线索的岩脉及鄂东南矿集区东南缘的阮家湾花岗闪长岩和犀牛山花岗闪长斑岩开展了岩体的锆石U-Pb年代学、元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成的研究, 讨论了岩体的岩石成因及其成矿和找矿意义。李瑞玲等(2012)对鄂东南矿集区西部金牛火山岩盆地内新发现的次火山岩花岗斑岩和流纹斑岩开展锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素的研究工作, 确定金牛盆地中流纹斑岩和花岗斑岩的形成时代为129~128Ma, 与长江中下游火山岩盆地内与铁成矿有关的次火山岩的形成时代相当, 认为金牛盆地除应关注玢岩铁矿外, 更应该关注与次火山岩有关的热液金矿床的找寻。

同时, 本专辑也收录了长江中下游成矿带邻区近年来引起广泛研究兴趣的钦杭成矿带和皖南成矿带等的相关文章。谢玉玲等(2012)对钦杭成矿带东段北缘安吉矿区内主要侵入岩的岩浆侵位序列、岩浆演化、构造背景及矿化控制进行了探讨, 确定了区内岩浆活动时限为141~117Ma, 而构造体制转换所造成先期断裂活化、压力降低、地幔物质上涌和高热流值是控制岩浆形成和侵位的重要机制。梁锦等(2012)总结了钦-杭结合带斑岩型铜矿的基本地质特征, 认为其具有岛弧俯冲环境的基因。张家菁等(2012)通过闪锌矿Rb-Sr法和Sm-Nd法定年,确定江西省铅山县篁碧铅锌矿床的成矿时代为早白垩世,并通过系统稳定同位素研究认为矿床的成矿物质可能来自幔源,为钦杭结合带南界的厘定提供了证据。周翔等(2012)开展了皖南绩溪地区靠背尖花岗闪长斑岩侵的岩石学、地球化学和年代学研究, 确定靠背尖花岗闪长斑岩形成于晚侏罗世150Ma左右的岛弧环境, 幔源组分的加入造成了岩浆由S-型向Ⅰ-型的转变。石永红等(2012)开展了宿松变质杂岩的变质程度和变质年龄的研究, 得出了宿松变质杂岩的峰期变质时间为251±4Ma。王鹏程等(2012)分析了长江中下游地区燕山期逆冲推覆构造, 认为从东南向北西的逆冲推覆作用可能同中侏罗世古太平洋板块向亚洲大陆俯冲有关。

综上所述, 本专辑收录的研究论文对深入探讨长江中下游成矿带的形成与演化具有重要参考价值, 相信会进一步推动成矿带的基础理论研究, 并为找矿勘探提供新的科学依据。

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