四川动物  2016, Vol. 35 Issue (3): 400-403

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米小其, 王成
MI Xiaoqi, WANG Cheng
中国云南翘蛛属一新种(蜘蛛目:跳蛛科)
A New Species of Irura Peckham & Peckham,1901(Araneae: Salticidae)from Yunnan Province,China
四川动物, 2016, 35(3): 400-403
Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 2016, 35(3): 400-403
10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20160008

文章历史

收稿日期: 2016-01-06
接受日期: 2016-03-30
中国云南翘蛛属一新种(蜘蛛目:跳蛛科)
米小其1*, 王成1     
铜仁学院生物与农林工程学院,贵州铜仁 554300
摘要: 记述了跳蛛科Salticidae翘蛛属Irura一新种--无突翘蛛Irura uniprocessa sp. nov.。提供了该种的鉴别特征的彩图与点线图,及其与近似种的比较特征。模式标本保存于铜仁学院标本馆。
关键词分类学     跳蛛     翘蛛属     新种     无量山    
A New Species of Irura Peckham & Peckham,1901(Araneae: Salticidae)from Yunnan Province,China
MI Xiaoqi1*, WANG Cheng1     
College of Biological and Agricultural and Forestry Engineering,Tongren University,Tongren,Guizhou Province 554300,China
Abstract: A new species,Irura uniprocessa sp. nov.,is described from the Wuliangshan Mountains,Yunnan province. Color photographs and plot drawings of diagnostic characters and comparison with the related species are given. The specimens are deposited in Museum of Tongren University(MTU). Irura uniprocessa sp. nov.[HTSS][STBZ][WTBZ] (Plates Ⅰ, Ⅱ) Holotype: ♂, Lingbaoshan National Forest Park (24.763 1°N, 100.502 8°E, 2 285 m), Wuliangshan town, Nanjian county, Yunnan province, China, 12 August 2015, collected by C. Wang, Z.L. Liao, P. Luo and G.T.Liu (WC-20150812) Paratypes: 1♂2♀, same data as holotype. 5♂, Shidongsi (24. 855 1°N, 100.495 0°E, 1 781 m), Laozhu village, Baohua town, Nanjian county, Yunnan province, China, 13 August 2015, collected by C. Wang, Z.L. Liao, P. Luo and G.T. Liu (WC-20150813). Etymology: The specific name derives from the Latin word "uniprocessa" (without apophysis), and refers to the male palp without tibial apophysis. Adjective. Diagnosis: The male of this new species is similar to I. bidenticulata Guo, Zhang & Zhu, 2011, but can be distinguished from the latter by: 1) the palpal tibia without apophysis but a membranous retrolateral apophysis in I. bidenticulata; 2) the palpal bulb over the retrolateral margin of cymbium but located in alveolus completely in I. bidenticulata. The female is similar to I. hamatapophysis (Peng & Yin, 1991), but can be distinguished from the latter by: 1) the epigyne with a pair of hoods but without hood in I. hamatapophysis; 2) the copulatory openings located at median-posteriorly but closed to genital groove in I. hamatapophysis; 3) the copulatory ducts indistinct but distinct in I. hamatapophysis. Genitals: Male palp of the new species without retrolateral apophysis; cymbial outgrowth relatively slender, sword-like in retrolateral view; embolus slender, originated at 9 o’clock, and about half the length of the cymbium. Epigyne with a pair of hoods closed to each other situated median-posteriorly; copulatory openings small, situated the bilateral of hoods; copulatory ducts indistinct; spermathecae divided into 2 chambers.
Key words: taxonomy     jumping spider     Irura     new species     Wuliangshan Mountains    

翘蛛属Irura是跳蛛科Salticidae中较小的一个属,由Peckham和Peckham于1901年根据模式种I. pulchra的特征而建立(Peckham & Peckham,1901)。目前,该属共有12种,大部分种类分布于东南亚,其中7种分布于我国(World Spider Catalog,2016)。该属自建立起很长一段时间内,报道的种类都是单性种,属征相对模糊,以至于部分种类在其原始描述中被错放。如:I. pygaea最初被放在了斑蛛属Euophrys (Thorell,1891);I. prima最初被放在同物异名的金希蛛属Kinhia(abka,1985)。20世纪末期,彭贤锦和尹长民(1991)首次描述了该属成对的物种;合并了金希蛛属,并对该属的属征进行了修订(彭贤锦等,1993)。之后,有关该属的报道较少,仅有郭建宇等描述了采自海南岛的2种(Guo et al.,2011)。

作者在整理采自云南无量山的跳蛛标本时,发现翘蛛属一新种,将其命名为无突翘蛛Irura uniprocessa sp. nov.。本文中所有的测量单位均为mm。步足的测量如下:全长(腿节,膝节+胫节,后跗节,跗节)。

翘蛛属Irura Peckham & Peckham,1901

头胸部前部平坦,梯形或近方形,后端收缩并急剧倾斜;腹部背面有大的桔红色表皮内突(部分雄性种类不明显);雄性触肢器的跗舟有一长的后侧突,插入器细长,跗舟与胫节关联处有一膜状结构;雌蛛外雌器外壁弱角质化,半透明,交媾管呈"S"形扭曲。纳精囊有的具2室,有的分室不明显。

无突翘蛛,新种 Irura uniprocessa sp. nov.(图版Ⅰ图版Ⅱ)

正模♂,云南省南涧县无量山镇灵宝山国家森林公园(24.763 1°N,100.502 8°E,2 285 m),2015年8月12日,王成、廖昭林、罗鹏、刘高滔采(WC-20150812)。副模:2♀1♂,采集信息同正模;5♂,云南省南涧县宝华镇老竹村石洞寺(24.855 1°N,100.495 0°E,1 781 m),2015年8月13日,王成、廖昭林、罗鹏、刘高滔采(WC-20150813)。

图版 Ⅰ 无突翘蛛,新种 Plate Ⅰ Irura uniprocessa sp. nov. A. 雄性外形,背面观 Male body,dorsal view; B. 雌性外形,背面观 Female boby,dorsal view; C. 雄性触肢器,腹面观 Male palp,ventral view; D. 雄性触肢器,后侧面观 Male palp,retrolateral view; E. 雄性触肢器,背面观 Male palp,dorsal view; F. 外雌器,腹面观 Epigyne,ventral view; G. 阴门,背面观 Vulva,dorsal view; 比例尺Scale: A~B=0.5 mm,C~G=0.1 mm.
图版 Ⅱ 无突翘蛛,新种 Plate Ⅱ Irura uniprocessa sp. nov. a. 雄性触肢器,腹面观 Male palp,ventral view; b.雄性触肢器,后侧面观 Male palp,retrolateral view; c. 雄性左侧螯肢,后面观 Left chelicerae of male,posterior view; d. 外雌器,腹面观 Epigyne,ventral view; e.阴门,背面观 Vulva,dorsal view; CO. 交媾孔 copulatory openings,E. 插入器 embolus,FD. 受精管 fertilization ducts,H. 垂兜 hood,O. 突 outgrowth,S. 纳精囊 spermathecae; 比例尺Scale: a~e=0.1 mm.

词源学:新种种名源自拉丁词"uniprocessa",意为"无突起的",指本新种触肢器的胫节无突起。

鉴别特征:新种雄性与双齿翘蛛I. bidenticulata Guo,Zhang & Zhu,2011相似,区别在于:1)雄性触肢器胫节无突起,而后者胫节突有一膜质的后侧突;2)触肢器生殖球超出跗舟的后侧面边缘,而后者的生殖球完全位于跗舟腔窝内。新种雌性的外雌器背面观和钩突翘蛛I. hamatapophysis (Peng & Yin,1991)非常相似,区别在于:1)前者的外雌器有1对垂兜,而后者没有垂兜;2)前者的交媾孔位于外雌器的中后部,而后者紧贴生殖沟;3)前者的交媾管不明显,而后者的交媾管非常明显。

描述:雄性体长2.86,头胸部长1.36,宽1.32;腹部长1.44,宽1.38。背甲(图版Ⅰ:A)红棕色,被有白色和棕色细毛,其前中部有1块不规则的黑斑,后部具有1对倾斜的放射纹。中窝和颈沟不明显。眼径与眼间距:前中眼 0.34,前侧眼 0.20,后侧眼 0.16;前眼列宽1.12,后眼列宽1.28,眼域长0.78。螯肢(图版Ⅱ:c)红棕色,前齿堤2齿,后齿堤1分叉板齿。颚叶棕黄色,长大于宽,其端部内侧具毛簇;下唇黑棕色,其端部颜色浅,具数根长毛;胸板近心形。第一步足跗节黄色,其余部分红棕色;第二步足后跗节、跗节黄色,其余部分灰棕色;第三、四步足腿节和膝节灰棕色,其余黄色。刺式:胫节:第一步足腹面1-2-2,第二步足腹面0-1-0; 后跗节:第一步足腹面2-0-2,第二步足腹面1-0-0。 步足测量:Ⅰ 4.05(1.25,1.80,0.55,0.45),Ⅱ 2.60(0.90,0.95,0.40,0.35),Ⅲ 2.45(0.80,0.90,0.40,0.35),Ⅳ 2.50(0.80,0.90,0.45,0.35)。足式:1243。腹部背面(图版Ⅰ:A)卵圆形,灰棕色,前中部具有3对肌斑,中、后部两侧各有1对被有白色细毛的黄色斑块,腹部末端具有数条横向的黑色条纹。腹部腹面灰棕色,中部有1对由灰白色点组成的斜线斑。

触肢器(图版Ⅰ:C~E图版Ⅱ:a~b):胫节长稍大于宽,无胫节突,具数根长毛;跗舟突相对较为细长,后侧面观呈剑状,背面观末端指向5点钟方向;插入器细长,起始于9点钟位置,约是跗舟长度的一半;贮精管明显,沿生殖球后侧面环绕。

雌性体长3.12;头胸部长1.46,宽1.36;腹部长1.70,宽1.48。背甲(图版Ⅰ:B)红棕色,其中部具有和雄性相似的黑色斑块,眼基黑色。中窝和颈沟不明显。眼径与眼间距:前中眼0.32,前侧眼0.21,后侧眼0.18;前眼列宽1.10,后眼列宽1.26,眼域长0.72。螯肢、颚叶、下唇和胸板都与雄性相似,但颜色更深。刺式:胫节:第一步足腹面1-2-2,第二步足腹面1-1-0;后跗节:第一步足腹面2-0-2,第二步足腹面2-0-0。步足测量:Ⅰ 3.35(1.05,1.45,0.45,0.40),Ⅱ 2.30(0.80,0.85,0.35,0.30),Ⅲ 1.95(0.65,0.65,0.35,0.30),Ⅳ 3.30(1.05,1.40,0.45,0.40)。 足式:1423。腹部长卵圆形(图版Ⅰ:B),背面前部中间具1纵向的黄色宽带,前中部具有3对肌斑,中、后部两侧各有1对由白色细毛组成的白色斑块,末端具数条横向条纹。腹部腹面和雄性相似。

外雌器及阴门(图版Ⅰ:F~G图版Ⅱ:d~e):外雌器中后部具有1对相互靠近的垂兜;交媾孔小,位于垂兜两侧;;交媾管不明显;纳精囊分2室,前面1对成梨形,后部1对两端加宽。

分布:中国(云南)。

致谢: 云南无量山国家级自然保护区南涧管理局为采集标本提供方便,铜仁学院廖昭林、罗鹏、刘高滔等参与标本采集,特此致谢。
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