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  波谱学杂志   2019, Vol. 36 Issue (1): 83-92.  DOI: 10.11938/cjmr20182665
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引用本文 [复制中英文]

李英俊, 杨凯栋, 靳焜, 等. 基于咔唑-靛红双-硫代碳酰腙衍生物的NMR研究[J]. 波谱学杂志, 2019, 36(1): 83-92. DOI: 10.11938/cjmr20182665.
[复制中文]
LI Ying-jun, YANG Kai-dong, JIN Kun, et al. NMR Study of A Novel Carbazole-Isatin Based Bis-Thiocarbohydrozone Derivative[J]. Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2019, 36(1): 83-92. DOI: 10.11938/cjmr20182665.
[复制英文]

基金项目

辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(20102126)

通讯联系人

李英俊, Tel:0411-82158329, E-mail:chemlab.lnnu@163.com

文章历史

收稿日期:2018-06-18
在线发表日期:2018-08-21
基于咔唑-靛红双-硫代碳酰腙衍生物的NMR研究
李英俊 1, 杨凯栋 1, 靳焜 2, 刘季红 3, 王思远 1, 张楠 1     
1. 辽宁师范大学 化学化工学院, 辽宁 大连 116029;
2. 大连理工大学, 精细化工国家重点实验室, 辽宁 大连 116012;
3. 大连理工大学 化学分析测试中心, 辽宁 大连 116023
摘要: 采用多种核磁共振(NMR)技术(包括1H NMR、13C NMR、1H-1H COSY、1H-13C HSQC、1H-13C HMBC),对基于咔唑-靛红双-硫代碳酰腙新型衍生物2,即1-[(3Z)-2-氧代吲哚-3-亚基]-5-[(9-己基-3-咔唑基)亚基]硫代碳酰腙的1H和13C NMR信号进行了全归属,确定了其结构.
关键词: 核磁共振(NMR)    归属    咔唑    靛红    硫代碳酰腙衍生物    
NMR Study of A Novel Carbazole-Isatin Based Bis-Thiocarbohydrozone Derivative
LI Ying-jun 1, YANG Kai-dong 1, JIN Kun 2, LIU Ji-hong 3, WANG Si-yuan 1, ZHANG Nan 1     
1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, China;
3. Chemistry Analysis and Inspection Center, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
Abstract: The 1H and 13C NMR signals of a novel carbazole-isatin based bis-thiocarbohydrozone derivative 2, 1-[(3Z)-2-oxoindoline-3-ylidene]-5-[(9-hexyl-3-carbazolyl)ylidene]thiocarbohydrazone, were assigned, and the structure of the compound was confirmed.
Key words: nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)    chemical shift assignment    carbazole    isatin    thiocarbohydrozone derivative    
引言

硫代碳酰腙(TCHs)是一类具有广谱生物活性的化合物,其衍生物具有抗癌[1-3]、抗糖尿病[4]、抗病毒[5]、抗菌[6-8]和抗氧化[9]等活性.此外,硫代碳酰腙也是构建各种生物活性杂环化合物的结构单元[10].靛红含有不同的功能化基团,具有独特的电子特性,因而靛红衍生物具有多种有益的生物特性,如抗癌[11, 12]、抗糖尿病[13]、抗菌[14]和抗氧化[15]等活性.咔唑及其衍生物是非常重要的含氮芳香族杂环化合物,此类化合物显示出抗癌[16, 17]、抗糖尿病[18, 19]、抗菌[20]、抗氧化[21-23]、抗结核[24]等特性.

鉴于上述3类化合物的重要生物活性,本课题组在前期工作的基础上[25, 26],设计将硫代碳酰腙、靛红和咔唑3个药效团进行杂交,合成出了一个新型的基于咔唑-靛红双-硫代碳酰腙衍生物,即1-[(3Z)-2-氧代吲哚-3-亚基]-5-[(9-己基-3-咔唑基)亚基]硫代碳酰腙(化合物2,化学结构见图 1).本文利用元素分析、红外吸收光谱(IR)、多种核磁共振(NMR)技术(包括1H NMR、13C NMR、1H-1H COSY、1H-13C HSQC和1H-13C HMBC)确定了新化合物2的结构,并对其1H和13C NMR信号进行了全归属.本研究对此类化合物的1H和13C NMR信号归属,以及其结构与活性关系的揭示具有一定的指导意义.

图 1 1-[(3Z)-2-氧代吲哚-3-亚基]-5-[(9-己基-3-咔唑基)亚基]硫代碳酰腙(新化合物2)的合成路线 Fig. 1 Synthetic route of 1-[(3Z)-2-oxoindoline-3-ylidene]-5-[(9-hexyl-3-carbazolyl)ylidene]thiocarbohydrazone (new compound 2)
1 实验部分 1.1 仪器与试剂

NMR实验均在Bruker 500型超导NMR谱仪上完成;IR光谱利用Bruker TENSOR27型红外分光光度计获得,KBr压片;元素分析在Elementar Vario EL III元素分析仪上完成.含0.03%四甲基硅烷(TMS)的DMSO-d6(氘代率为99.9%,CIL)购自北京恒思锐科贸有限公司.

1.2 NMR实验

样品溶于DMSO-d6,以TMS为内标.实验温度为297.5 K,1H和13C NMR的工作频率分别为500.03 MHz和125.73 MHz,谱宽分别为10 330.6 Hz和29 761.9 Hz.2D NMR(1H-1H COSY、1H-13C HSQC和1H-13C HMBC)实验均采用标准脉冲序列.1H-1H COSY的F21H)维和F11H)维谱宽均为8 474.6 Hz,采样数据点阵为t2 × t1 = 2 048 × 256;1H-13C HSQC的F21H)维和F113C)维谱宽分别为8 474.6 Hz和20 827.8 Hz,采样数据点阵为t2 × t1 = 2 048 × 256;1H-13C HMBC的F21H)维和F113C)维谱宽分别为8 474.6 Hz和27 927.4 Hz,采样数据点阵为t2 × t1 = 2 048 × 256.

2 结果与讨论 2.1 新化合物2的合成

向50 mL干燥的三口瓶中,加入0.30 mmol靛红和10 mL EtOH,室温搅拌至固体全部溶解,再加入2滴冰醋酸和0.30 mmol化合物1[27],加热回流5 h.反应结束后,将混合物倒入冰水中,用饱和Na2CO3溶液调节溶液pH至7~8,抽滤,用冰水洗涤滤饼,抽干后得到橙红色固体粗产物,空气中晾干后用DMF-EtOH-H2O重结晶提纯,得到0.09 g橙红色粒状晶体目标化合物2,产率为60.4%,熔点为262.4~263.1 ℃.合成路线见图 1.

2.2 元素分析和IR光谱分析

元素分析C28H28N6OS实测值(%):C 67.47,H 5.86,N 16.71,新化合物2理论值(%):C 67.72,H 5.68,N 16.92.

IR光谱:3 137(vN-H),3 054(v=CH),2 928和2 856(vC-H),1 708(vC=O),1 618(vC=N),1 597、1 495和1 467(vC=C),1 517(δN-H),1 340(vC=S).1 708 cm-1处的峰归属为酰胺羰基的伸缩振动吸收峰,由此证明目标化合物2已被合成.酰胺羰基吸收峰通常在1 640~1 680 cm-1处,但在此化合物中由于五元环环张力的影响使其吸收峰向高波数移动.

元素分析和IR光谱数据初步描绘了此化合物的结构.

2.3 NMR波谱分析

观察新化合物2的DMSO-d6溶液测得的1H NMR谱(图 2)和13C NMR谱(图 3)发现,咔唑和靛红环的1H或13C NMR信号因化学位移比较接近难于归属.

图 2 新化合物21H NMR谱. (a) 全谱;(b)和(c)分别为(a)的中低场(δH 6.9~8.5)和高场区(δH 0.4~4.5)的放大谱 Fig. 2 1H NMR spectra of new compound 2. (a) Full spectrum; (b) Partial enlarged spectrum (δH 6.9~8.5); (c) Partial enlarged spectrum (δH 0.4~4.5)
图 3 新化合物213C NMR谱. (a) 全谱;(b) 局部放大谱(δC 109~123) Fig. 3 13C NMR spectra of new compound 2. (a) Full spectrum; (b) Partial enlarged spectrum (δC109~123)

2D NMR谱对于确定化合物的结构及1H和13C NMR信号的准确归属非常有帮助[28-31].因此,本文利用1D和2D NMR波谱(包括1H NMR、13C NMR、1H-1H COSY、1H-13C HMBC和1H-13C HSQC)对新化合物2进行了结构确定,并对其1H和13C NMR数据进行了全归属.

根据化学位移规律可知,13C NMR谱中最低场的δC 174.7可归属为C-16,次低场δC 162.7可归属为C-20.根据HMBC谱(图 4)可知,C-16(δC 174.7)与δH 12.62(1H, s)和δH 14.72(1H, s),δH 12.62与δC 145.4,δH 14.72与δC 137.4存在着远程相关,而在HSQC谱(图 5)中δC 137.4无相关峰存在,δC 145.4与δH 8.39(1H, s)存在着相关峰,由此即可确定δC 137.4为C-19,δC 145.4为C-13,δH 8.39为H-13,进一步确定出δH 12.62为H-15,δH 14.72为H-17.1H NMR谱中低场δH 11.00~δH 15.00之间共有三个吸收峰,其中H-17(δH 14.72)和H-15(δH 12.62)已归属,信号峰δH 11.35(1H, s)在HMBC谱中与C-19(δC 137.4)和C-20(δC 162.7)存在着远程相关,所以δH 11.35归属为H-21.在HMBC谱中这种诸如C-20与H-21的邻位相关是常见的[29].

图 4 新化合物21H-13C HMBC谱. (a) 全图;(b) 部分放大谱 Fig. 4 1H-13C HMBC spectra of new compound 2. (a) Full spectrum; (b) Partial enlarged spectrum
图 5 新化合物21H-13C HSQC谱.(a) 全谱;(b) 部分放大谱 Fig. 5 1H-13C HSQC spectra of new compound 2. (a) Full spectrum; (b) Partial enlarged spectrum

靛红环的归属:由HMBC谱可知,H-21还与δC 120.5和δC 142.1分别存在着远程耦合,而δC 120.5与HSQC谱中δH 8.26(1H, d)存在相关峰,所以δC 120.5和δH 8.26可分别归属为C-23和H-23.由1H-1H COSY谱(图 6)可知,H-23与δH 7.29(1H, t)、δH 7.29与δH 7.51(1H, t)、δH 7.51与δH 7.63(1H, d)相关,因此δH 7.29、δH 7.51和δH 7.63可分别归属为H-24、H-25、H-26.再根据HSQC谱,即可归属C-24(δC 119.4)、C-25(δC 126.3)、C-26(δC 109.7).由HMBC谱可知,H-24与δC 122.1,H-26与δC 142.1存在远程相关,则δC 122.1和δC 142.1可分别归属为C-22和C-27.

图 6 新化合物21H-1H COSY谱.(a) 全谱;(b) 部分放大谱 Fig. 6 1H-1H COSY spectra of new compound 2. (a) Full spectrum; (b) Partial enlarged spectrum

咔唑环的归属:在HMBC谱中,C-13与δH 8.09(1H, d)和δH 8.72(1H, s),δH 8.09和δC 141.4存在着远程耦合,所以δH 8.09、δH 8.72和δC 141.4可分别归属为H-2、H-4和C-6.在1H-1H COSY谱中,H-2与δH 7.68(1H, d)存在交叉峰,则δH 7.68归属为H-1.根据HSQC谱,可归属C-1(δC 109.8)、C-2(δC 124.8)、C-4(δC 120.9).在HMBC谱中,H-1还与δC 124.4和δC 122.5,δC 122.5与δH 7.03(1H, d)远程相关,因此δC 124.4、δC 122.5和δH 7.03可分别归属为C-3、C-5和H-8.在1H-1H COSY谱中,H-8与δH 7.41(1H, t)、δH 7.41与δH 7.14(1H, t)、δH 7.14与δH 7.63(1H, d)存在着交叉峰,则δH 7.41、δH 7.14、和δH 7.63可分别归属为H-9、H-10和H-11.根据HSQC谱,可归属C-8(δC 111.1)、C-9(δC 131.2)、C-10(δC 122.4)和C-11(δC 120.7).在HMBC谱中,H-10与δC 120.2远程相关,则δC 120.2可归属为C-12.低场区剩余的δC 140.5即为C-7.

烷基链的归属:根据化学位移规律,1H NMR谱中的δH 0.79(3H, t)和δH 4.42(2H, t)可归属为H-33和H-28.在1H-1H COSY谱中,H-28与δH 1.77(2H, m)、δH 1.77与δH 1.29(2H, m)、δH 1.29与δH 1.22(2H, m)、δH 0.79与δH 1.19(2H, m)存在着交叉峰,因此δH 1.77、δH 1.29、δH 1.22和δH 1.19可分别归属为H-29、H-30、H-31和H-32.根据HSQC谱,可归属C-28(δC 42.4)、C-29(δC 28.5)、C-30(δC 26.1)、C-31(δC 30.9)、C-32(δC 22.0)和C-33(δC 13.8).

至此,新化合物21H和13C NMR信号归属完毕(表 1).

表 1 新化合物21H和13C NMR归属(DMSO-d6, 500 MHz) Table 1 1H and 13C NMR data of new compound 2 (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz)
3 结论

本文综合利用元素分析、IR光谱、NMR波谱技术确定了新化合物2的结构,并对其1H和13C NMR信号进行了全归属.本文的研究结果对此类化合物1H和13C NMR信号的归属以及结构与活性关系的研究具有指导意义.


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