吉林大学学报(医学版)  2016, Vol. 42 Issue (04): 789-792

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宋晨雪, 王昱博, 刘传贵, 谢静姝, 路艳娇, 王婷, 王国强, 王亚伟, 王放, 郑敬彤
SONG Chenxue, WANG Yubo, LIU Chuangui, XIE Jingshu, LU Yanjiao, WANG Ting, WANG Guoqiang, WANG Yawei, WANG Fang, ZHENG Jingtong
吉林大学学报(医学版), 2016, 42(04): 789-792
Journal of Jilin University (Medicine Edition), 2016, 42(04): 789-792
10.13481/j.1671-587x.20160429

文章历史

收稿日期: 2015-10-21
传统中药联合标准三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌诱发的慢性非萎缩性胃炎及其作用机制
宋晨雪1, 王昱博1, 刘传贵2, 谢静姝1, 路艳娇1, 王婷1, 王国强1, 王亚伟1, 王放1 , 郑敬彤1    
1. 吉林大学基础医学院病原生物学系, 吉林 长春 130021;
2. 吉林华康药业股份有限公司, 吉林 敦化 133700
摘要: 目的:以传统中药清胃止痛微丸联合标准三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌诱发的慢性非萎缩性胃炎,采用高通量PCR芯片技术检测炎症相关基因的差异表达情况,阐明其作用机制。方法:选取10例慢性非萎缩性胃炎并发幽门螺杆菌感染患者为治疗组,以清胃止痛微丸联合三联疗法对患者进行治疗14d;随机选取健康者10人作为健康对照组。分别于治疗前后采集研究对象的外周血,应用QIAGEN人类抗菌应答PCR芯片进行外周血总RNA检测,分析治疗前后84个炎症相关基因的差异表达情况。结果:筛选出20个炎症相关基因差异表达。与健康对照组比较,治疗组患者治疗前差异表达的20个基因表达水平明显上调(Fold-change > 2);与治疗前比较,治疗后该20个基因表达水平下调,且11个基因接近健康对照组水平(Fold-change <2)。差异表达基因中包括NLRP3炎性复合体相关基因,其中治疗组患者治疗前CASP1、IL1B、NLRP3和PYCARD基因表达水平与健康对照组比较明显上调(P <0.05),治疗组患者治疗后CASP1、IL1B、NLRP3和PYCARD基因的表达水平与治疗前比较明显下调(P <0.05)。结论:清胃止痛微丸联合三联疗法治疗幽门螺旋杆菌诱发的慢性非萎缩性胃炎的机制可能是通过抑制慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者NLRP3炎性复合体相关基因的表达,干扰机体与抗菌应答相关的先天性免疫应答,从而起到治疗作用。
关键词: PCR芯片    清胃止痛微丸    NLRP3炎性复合体    组合疗法    
Treatment of Helicobacter pylori induced chronic atrophic gastritiswith traditional Chinese medicine combined standard triple therapyand its mechanisms
SONG Chenxue1, WANG Yubo1, LIU Chuangui2, XIE Jingshu1, LU Yanjiao1, WANG Ting1, WANG Guoqiang1, WANG Yawei1, WANG Fang1 , ZHENG Jingtong1    
1. Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
2. Jilin Huakang Pharmaceutucal CO., LTD, Dunhua 133700, China
Abstract: Objective: To treat the chronic non-atrophic gastritis patients induced by Helicobacter pylori with Qingweizhitong Weiwan combined with standard triple therapy,and to detect the differential expression of related immflammation genes with PCR array, and to clarify its mechanism. Methods: Ten patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis complicated with Helicobacter pylori infection were used as treatment group and 10 health people were used as health control group. The patients in treatment group were treated with Qingweizhitong Weiwan combined with standard triple therapy for 14 d. The blood samples of the subjects in treatment group and health control group were collected before and after treatment, and QIAGEN human antibacterial response PCR array was performed to test the total RNA inperipheral blood and to analyze the differential expressions of 84 inflammation-related genes. Results: The differential expressions of 20 inflammation-related genes were found. Compared with health control group, the expression levels of 20 genes in treatment group before treatment were up-regulated (Fold-change>2);after treatment, the expression levels of 20 genes were down-regulated, and 11 of them were similar to the level in health control group (Fold-change <2). More specifically, part of 20 genes was related to NLRP3 inflammasome. Compared with health control group, the gene expression levels of CASP1, IL1B, NLRP3, and PYCARD in treatment group before treatment were up-regulated (P <0.05).Compared with before treatment, the expression levels of CASP1, IL1B, NLRP3, and PYCARD in treatment group after treatment were down-regulated (P <0.05). Conclusion: The mechanism of Qingweizhitong Weiwan combined with standard triple therapy in the treatment of chronic non-atrophic gastritis patients induced by Helicobacter pylori may be related to inhibiting the expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome-related genes and interfering the antimicrobial innate immune response.
Key words: PCR array    Qingweizhitong Weiwan    NLRP3 inflammasome    combination therapy    

PCR芯片技术是近年来研究药物抗菌机制的新型高通量研究技术,具有高灵敏性、高特异性和可重复性的特点[1],该方法在世界范围已经得到了广泛的认可及应用[2]。慢性非萎缩性胃炎是指不伴有胃黏膜萎缩性改变、胃黏膜层出现以淋巴细胞和浆细胞为主的慢性炎症细胞浸润的慢性胃炎[3],因其症状不明显,易造成患者对该病不重视、不就诊,从而使其病程迁延不愈,极易复发,严重影响患者的生活质量[4, 5, 6]。研究 [7, 8] 显示:胃炎与胃癌的发生存在密切联系,特别是幽门螺杆菌诱发的胃炎发展为胃癌的概率更大。本课题组前期研究[9]显示:清胃止痛微丸联合标准三联疗法对幽门螺杆菌诱发的慢性非萎缩性胃炎伴糜烂者临床疗效确切,并能快速缓解上腹疼痛症状;且体外研究[10]显示:清胃止痛微丸对幽门螺旋杆菌具有一定程度的抑制作用。为进一步解释此组合疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌诱发的慢性非萎缩性胃炎的分子机制,本课题在临床研究和体外药效学研究基础上,筛选慢性非萎缩性胃炎并发幽门螺杆菌感染患者为研究对象,采用PCR芯片技术对患者治疗前后的基因进行测定,分析清胃止痛微丸组合疗法治疗慢性非萎缩性胃炎过程中患者基因的变化情况,阐明清胃止痛微丸组合疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌诱导的慢性非萎缩性胃炎的分子机制,以期为该病的临床治疗和药物推广提供理论依据。

1 资料与方法 1.1 主要试剂和仪器

埃索美拉唑(商品名为耐信,无锡阿斯利康制药有限公司,批号:1267058,批准文号:国药准字H20046379),克拉霉素(哈尔滨哈药集团制药六厂,批号:120801,批准文号:国药准字H19980088),替硝唑(山东鲁抗医药集团赛特有限责任公司,批号:120105,批准文号:国药准字H20033090),清胃止痛微丸(吉林华康药业股份有限公司,批号:120201,批准文号:国药准字Z20050089),Trizol(美国Invitrogen公司,批号:14105),氯仿(批号:20120323)、异丙醇(批号:20111202)和无水乙醇(批号:20110912)(北京化工厂),DEPC(美国Genview公司,批号:39F001100)。低温离心机(Heraeus Fresco 21 centrifuge,美国Heraeus公司),PCR仪(AB7300 Real-Time PCR System,美国AB公司),紫外分光光度计(美国BioTek Epoch公司)。

1.2 研究对象

治疗组:选取2011年11月—2013年1月于吉林大学第一医院胃肠内科通过胃镜检查诊断为慢性非萎缩性胃炎并且幽门螺杆菌感染为阳性的患者10例,年龄18~65岁,男女各5例,分别抽取治疗组患者治疗前后抗凝外周血。随机选取健康者10人作为健康对照组,年龄18~65岁,男女各5人,抽取抗凝外周血。

1.3 治疗方案

治疗组患者口服埃索美拉唑20 mg、克拉霉素500 mg和替硝唑500 mg,均每日2次;清胃止痛微丸3.2 g,每日3次口服 ,共7 d;然后继续口服埃索美拉唑和清胃止痛微丸7 d,剂量同前。

1.4 血液总RNA的提取

取各组研究对象抗凝外周血0.5 mL置于无RNA酶离心管中,加3倍体积Trizol,震荡混匀,室温静置5 min;4℃、12000 g离心15 min。用移液器吸取上清,至无RNA酶离心管,按照Trizol∶氯仿=5∶1的比例加入氯仿,涡旋15 s,静置3 min;4℃、12000 g离心15 min。取上清置于无RNA酶离心管中,按Trizol∶异丙醇=5∶1的比例加入预冷的异丙醇。混匀、室温静置10 min,4℃、12000 g离心15 min。小心吸弃上清,留管底沉淀,加入1 mL由DEPC水配置的75%乙醇,吹打混匀,4℃、8000 g离心5min。弃上清,倒置于干净的滤纸片刻,开盖,挥发乙醇2~3min,加入15 μL DEPC水,吹打混匀。

1.5 RNA逆转录为cDNA

按照QIAGEN QuantiTect Rev. Transcription Kit试剂盒 (批号:151020450) 的操作方法将RNA逆转录为cDNA,紫外分光光度计测定cDNA浓度。

1.6 人类抗菌应答PCR芯片

按照RT2 Profiler PCR Array Human Antibacterial Response(批号:7391100304)的操作方法进行操作,检测基因见表1。采用SABiosciences对PCR Array数据进行分析。 采用2-△△Ct法计算基因的相对表达水平。

1.7 统计学分析

采用SPSS18.0统计软件进行统计学处理。各组NLRP3炎性复合体相关基因表达水平以平均数表示,组间比较采用方差分析。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

表1 PCR芯片检测基因列表 Tab. 1 List of detected genes by PCR array
123456789101112
AAKT1APCSBTRC3BPICAMPCARD6CARD9CASP1 CASP8CCL3CCL5CD14
BCHUKCRPCTSGCXCL1CXCL2DMBT1FADDHSP90AA1TFNA1TFNB1IKBKBIL12A
CIL12BIL18IL1BIL6IL8IRAK1IRAK3IRF6IRF7JUNLBPLCN2
DLTFLY96LYZMAP2K1MAP2K3MAP2K4MAP3K7MAPK1MAPK14MAPK3MAPK8MEFV
EMPOMYD88NAIPNFKB1NFKBIANLRC4NLRP1NLRP3NOD1NOD2PIK3CAPRIN3
FPSTPIP1PYCARDRAC1RELARIPK1RIPK2SLC11A1SKPISUGT1TICAM1TICAM2TIRAP
GTLR1TLR2TLR4TLR5TLR6TLR9TNFTNFRSF1A T0LLIPP TRAF6XIAPZBP1
HACTBB2MGAPDHHPRT1RPLP0HGDCRICRICRICPPCPPCPPC
 RT2 Profiler PCR Array contains 84 pathway-focused genes,5 housekeeping genes,a gene controls to monitor genomic DNA contamination (GDC),three genes control to monitor the first strand synthesis (RTC) and three genes control to monitor real-time PCR efficiency (PPC).
2 结 果 2.1 慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者治疗前后基因表达水平的差异

人类抗菌应答PCR芯片测定84个基因中,与健康对照组比较,治疗组慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者治疗前20个基因表达水平明显上调(Fold-change>2),治疗后上调的20个基因表达水平明显下调,其中11个基因表达水平接近健康对照组,9个基因表达水平仍高于健康对照组。见图12

图1 治疗前治疗组和健康对照组研究对象基因表达水平散点图 Fig.1 Scatter plots of gene expressionlevels of subjects in treatment group and health control group before treatment

图2 治疗后治疗组和健康对照组研究对象基因表达水平散点图 Fig.2 Scatter plots of gene expressionlevels of subjects in treatment group and health control group after treatment
2.2 慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者治疗前后NLRP3炎性复合体相关基因表达水平

与健康对照组比较,治疗组慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者治疗前NLRP3炎性复合体相关基因CASP1、IL1B、NLRP3和PYCARD的表达水平明显上调(P<0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗后CASP1、IL1B、NLRP3和PYCARD基因表达水平明显下调(P<0.05)。见表2

表2 2组研究对象外周血中NLRP3炎性复合体相关基因表达水平 Tab. 2 Expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome related genes in peripheral blood of subjects in two groups
GroupCASP1IL1BNLRP3PYCARD
Health control0.087 70.119 10.385 81.146 2
Treatment
Before 5.498 1* 2.232 7* 1.588 0* 8.432 8*
After 1.385 60.129 40.405 51.682 7
*P<0.05 vs health control group; P<0.05 vs before treatment.
3 讨 论

PCR 芯片技术是分析信号通路或某种生物学功能相关基因表达状态的首选工具,该技术克服了常规杂交芯片假阳性率高及大量数据难于有效分析的缺陷。本实验选用的人类抗菌应答PCR芯片含有84个固有免疫相关的抗菌基因,包括3个PRR家族(TLRs、NLRs和RIG-Ⅰ)启动的固有免疫应答。TLRs、NLRs和其他PRRs识别细菌的病原体相关分子模式(pathogen-associated molecular patterns,PAMP),包括脂多糖(LPS)、肽聚糖和鞭毛。PCR芯片含有细菌相关的PRR信号传导相关基因、编码下游炎症相关和凋亡相关的效应蛋白基因及编码免疫细胞表达的抗菌肽基因。本研究结果显示:幽门螺杆菌诱发的慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者外周血中20个基因表达水平明显上调(Fold-change>2),其中包括NLRP3炎性复合体相关基因,采用清胃止痛微丸联合三联疗法治疗后20个上调的基因表达水平明显下调。

NLRP3炎性体是目前发现配体数最多的炎性体,其配体包括多种细菌、病毒、真菌、寄生虫及其毒素和细胞内的危险信号[11, 12]。当NLRP3炎性体被激活时,NLRP3蛋白、PYCARD蛋白和 pro-caspase-1蛋白迅速组装成炎性复合体,激活caspase-1。caspase-1作为炎性体的效应蛋白,将无活性pro-IL-1β前体剪切为成熟IL-1β,从而使IL-1家族细胞因子参与后续炎症因子分泌及炎症反应的发生[13, 14, 15]

综上所述,本研究结果表明:幽门螺杆菌诱发 的慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者外周血中NLRP3炎性复合体出现明显的激活现象,采用清胃止痛微丸联合三联疗法治疗后该炎性复合体激活受到抑制,这可能是清胃止痛微丸联合标准三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌诱发的慢性非萎缩性胃炎的分子机制。

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